CUPS Programming Manual

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Introduction

CUPS provides the "cups" library to talk to the different parts of CUPS and with Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) printers. The "cups" library functions are accessed by including the <cups/cups.h> header.

CUPS is based on the Internet Printing Protocol ("IPP"), which allows clients (applications) to communicate with a server (the scheduler, printers, etc.) to get a list of destinations, send print jobs, and so forth. You identify which server you want to communicate with using a pointer to the opaque structure http_t. The CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT constant can be used when you want to talk to the CUPS scheduler.

Guidelines

When writing software (other than printer drivers) that uses the "cups" library:

• Do not use undocumented or deprecated APIs,
• Do not rely on pre-configured printers,
• Do not assume that printers support specific features or formats, and
• Do not rely on implementation details (PPDs, etc.)

CUPS is designed to insulate users and developers from the implementation details of printers and file formats. The goal is to allow an application to supply a print file in a standard format with the user intent ("print four copies, two-sided on A4 media, and staple each copy") and have the printing system manage the printer communication and format conversion needed.

Similarly, printer and job management applications can use standard query operations to obtain the status information in a common, generic form and use standard management operations to control the state of those printers and jobs.

Note:

CUPS printer drivers necessarily depend on specific file formats and certain implementation details of the CUPS software. Please consult the Postscript and raster printer driver developer documentation on CUPS.org for more information.

Terms Used in This Document

A Destination is a printer or print queue that accepts print jobs. A Print Job is a collection of one or more documents that are processed by a destination using options supplied when creating the job. A Document is a file (JPEG image, PDF file, etc.) suitable for printing. An Option controls some aspect of printing, such as the media used. Media is the sheets or roll that is printed on. An Attribute is an option encoded for an Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) request.

Compiling Programs That Use the CUPS API

The CUPS libraries can be used from any C, C++, or Objective C program. The method of compiling against the libraries varies depending on the operating system and installation of CUPS. The following sections show how to compile a simple program (shown below) in two common environments.

The following simple program lists the available destinations:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <cups/cups.h>

int print_dest(void *user_data, unsigned flags, cups_dest_t *dest)
{
  if (dest->instance)
    printf("%s/%s\n", dest->name, dest->instance);
  else
    puts(dest->name);

  return (1);
}

int main(void)
{
  cupsEnumDests(CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_NONE, 1000, NULL, 0, 0, print_dest, NULL);

  return (0);
}

Compiling with Xcode

In Xcode, choose New Project... from the File menu (or press SHIFT+CMD+N), then select the Command Line Tool under the macOS Application project type. Click Next and enter a name for the project, for example "firstcups". Click Next and choose a project directory. The click Next to create the project.

In the project window, click on the Build Phases group and expand the Link Binary with Libraries section. Click +, type "libcups" to show the library, and then double-click on libcups.tbd.

Finally, click on the main.c file in the sidebar and copy the example program to the file. Build and run (CMD+R) to see the list of destinations.

Compiling with GCC

From the command-line, create a file called simple.c using your favorite editor, copy the example to this file, and save. Then run the following command to compile it with GCC and run it:

gcc -o simple `cups-config --cflags` simple.c `cups-config --libs`
./simple

The cups-config command provides the compiler flags (cups-config --cflags) and libraries (cups-config --libs) needed for the local system.

Working with Destinations

Destinations, which in CUPS represent individual printers or classes (collections or pools) of printers, are represented by the cups_dest_t structure which includes the name (name), instance (instance, saved options/settings), whether the destination is the default for the user (is_default), and the options and basic information associated with that destination (num_options and options).

Historically destinations have been manually maintained by the administrator of a system or network, but CUPS also supports dynamic discovery of destinations on the current network.

Finding Available Destinations

The cupsEnumDests function finds all of the available destinations:

 int
 cupsEnumDests(unsigned flags, int msec, int *cancel,
               cups_ptype_t type, cups_ptype_t mask,
               cups_dest_cb_t cb, void *user_data)

The flags argument specifies enumeration options, which at present must be CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_NONE.

The msec argument specifies the maximum amount of time that should be used for enumeration in milliseconds - interactive applications should keep this value to 5000 or less when run on the main thread.

The cancel argument points to an integer variable that, when set to a non-zero value, will cause enumeration to stop as soon as possible. It can be NULL if not needed.

The type and mask arguments are bitfields that allow the caller to filter the destinations based on categories and/or capabilities. The destination's "printer-type" value is masked by the mask value and compared to the type value when filtering. For example, to only enumerate destinations that are hosted on the local system, pass CUPS_PRINTER_LOCAL for the type argument and CUPS_PRINTER_DISCOVERED for the mask argument. The following constants can be used for filtering:

• CUPS_PRINTER_CLASS: A collection of destinations.
• CUPS_PRINTER_FAX: A facsimile device.
• CUPS_PRINTER_LOCAL: A local printer or class. This constant has the value 0 (no bits set) and is only used for the type argument and is paired with the CUPS_PRINTER_REMOTE or CUPS_PRINTER_DISCOVERED constant passed in the mask argument.
• CUPS_PRINTER_REMOTE: A remote (shared) printer or class.
• CUPS_PRINTER_DISCOVERED: An available network printer or class.
• CUPS_PRINTER_BW: Can do B&W printing.
• CUPS_PRINTER_COLOR: Can do color printing.
• CUPS_PRINTER_DUPLEX: Can do two-sided printing.
• CUPS_PRINTER_STAPLE: Can staple output.
• CUPS_PRINTER_COLLATE: Can quickly collate copies.
• CUPS_PRINTER_PUNCH: Can punch output.
• CUPS_PRINTER_COVER: Can cover output.
• CUPS_PRINTER_BIND: Can bind output.
• CUPS_PRINTER_SORT: Can sort output (mailboxes, etc.)
• CUPS_PRINTER_SMALL: Can print on Letter/Legal/A4-size media.
• CUPS_PRINTER_MEDIUM: Can print on Tabloid/B/C/A3/A2-size media.
• CUPS_PRINTER_LARGE: Can print on D/E/A1/A0-size media.
• CUPS_PRINTER_VARIABLE: Can print on rolls and custom-size media.

The cb argument specifies a function to call for every destination that is found:

typedef int (*cups_dest_cb_t)(void *user_data,
                              unsigned flags,
                              cups_dest_t *dest);

The callback function receives a copy of the user_data argument along with a bitfield (flags) and the destination that was found. The flags argument can have any of the following constant (bit) values set:

• CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_MORE: There are more destinations coming.
• CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_REMOVED: The destination has gone away and should be removed from the list of destinations a user can select.
• CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_ERROR: An error occurred. The reason for the error can be found by calling the cupsLastError and/or cupsLastErrorString functions.

The callback function returns 0 to stop enumeration or 1 to continue.

Note:

The callback function will likely be called multiple times for the same destination, so it is up to the caller to suppress any duplicate destinations.

The following example shows how to use cupsEnumDests to get a filtered array of destinations:

typedef struct
{
  int num_dests;
  cups_dest_t *dests;
} my_user_data_t;

int
my_dest_cb(my_user_data_t *user_data, unsigned flags,
           cups_dest_t *dest)
{
  if (flags & CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_REMOVED)
  {
   /*
    * Remove destination from array...
    */

    user_data->num_dests =
        cupsRemoveDest(dest->name, dest->instance,
                       user_data->num_dests,
                       &(user_data->dests));
  }
  else
  {
   /*
    * Add destination to array...
    */

    user_data->num_dests =
        cupsCopyDest(dest, user_data->num_dests,
                     &(user_data->dests));
  }

  return (1);
}

int
my_get_dests(cups_ptype_t type, cups_ptype_t mask,
             cups_dest_t **dests)
{
  my_user_data_t user_data = { 0, NULL };

  if (!cupsEnumDests(CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_NONE, 1000, NULL, type,
                     mask, (cups_dest_cb_t)my_dest_cb,
                     &user_data))
  {
   /*
    * An error occurred, free all of the destinations and
    * return...
    */

    cupsFreeDests(user_data.num_dests, user_dasta.dests);

    *dests = NULL;

    return (0);
  }

 /*
  * Return the destination array...
  */

  *dests = user_data.dests;

  return (user_data.num_dests);
}

Basic Destination Information

The num_options and options members of the cups_dest_t structure provide basic attributes about the destination in addition to the user default options and values for that destination. The following names are predefined for various destination attributes:

• "auth-info-required": The type of authentication required for printing to this destination: "none", "username,password", "domain,username,password", or "negotiate" (Kerberos).
• "printer-info": The human-readable description of the destination such as "My Laser Printer".
• "printer-is-accepting-jobs": "true" if the destination is accepting new jobs, "false" otherwise.
• "printer-is-shared": "true" if the destination is being shared with other computers, "false" otherwise.
• "printer-location": The human-readable location of the destination such as "Lab 4".
• "printer-make-and-model": The human-readable make and model of the destination such as "ExampleCorp LaserPrinter 4000 Series".
• "printer-state": "3" if the destination is idle, "4" if the destination is printing a job, and "5" if the destination is stopped.
• "printer-state-change-time": The UNIX time when the destination entered the current state.
• "printer-state-reasons": Additional comma-delimited state keywords for the destination such as "media-tray-empty-error" and "toner-low-warning".
• "printer-type": The cups_ptype_t value associated with the destination.
• "printer-uri-supported": The URI associated with the destination; if not set, this destination was discovered but is not yet setup as a local printer.

Use the cupsGetOption function to retrieve the value. For example, the following code gets the make and model of a destination:

const char *model = cupsGetOption("printer-make-and-model",
                                  dest->num_options,
                                  dest->options);

Detailed Destination Information

Once a destination has been chosen, the cupsCopyDestInfo function can be used to gather detailed information about the destination:

cups_dinfo_t *
cupsCopyDestInfo(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest);

The http argument specifies a connection to the CUPS scheduler and is typically the constant CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT. The dest argument specifies the destination to query.

The cups_dinfo_t structure that is returned contains a snapshot of the supported options and their supported, ready, and default values. It also can report constraints between different options and values, and recommend changes to resolve those constraints.

Getting Supported Options and Values

The cupsCheckDestSupported function can be used to test whether a particular option or option and value is supported:

int
cupsCheckDestSupported(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                       cups_dinfo_t *info,
                       const char *option,
                       const char *value);

The option argument specifies the name of the option to check. The following constants can be used to check the various standard options:

• CUPS_COPIES: Controls the number of copies that are produced.
• CUPS_FINISHINGS: A comma-delimited list of integer constants that control the finishing processes that are applied to the job, including stapling, punching, and folding.
• CUPS_MEDIA: Controls the media size that is used, typically one of the following: CUPS_MEDIA_3X5, CUPS_MEDIA_4X6, CUPS_MEDIA_5X7, CUPS_MEDIA_8X10, CUPS_MEDIA_A3, CUPS_MEDIA_A4, CUPS_MEDIA_A5, CUPS_MEDIA_A6, CUPS_MEDIA_ENV10, CUPS_MEDIA_ENVDL, CUPS_MEDIA_LEGAL, CUPS_MEDIA_LETTER, CUPS_MEDIA_PHOTO_L, CUPS_MEDIA_SUPERBA3, or CUPS_MEDIA_TABLOID.
• CUPS_MEDIA_SOURCE: Controls where the media is pulled from, typically either CUPS_MEDIA_SOURCE_AUTO or CUPS_MEDIA_SOURCE_MANUAL.
• CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE: Controls the type of media that is used, typically one of the following: CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_AUTO, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_ENVELOPE, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_LABELS, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_LETTERHEAD, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_PHOTO, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_PHOTO_GLOSSY, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_PHOTO_MATTE, CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_PLAIN, or CUPS_MEDIA_TYPE_TRANSPARENCY.
• CUPS_NUMBER_UP: Controls the number of document pages that are placed on each media side.
• CUPS_ORIENTATION: Controls the orientation of document pages placed on the media: CUPS_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT or CUPS_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE.
• CUPS_PRINT_COLOR_MODE: Controls whether the output is in color (CUPS_PRINT_COLOR_MODE_COLOR), grayscale (CUPS_PRINT_COLOR_MODE_MONOCHROME), or either (CUPS_PRINT_COLOR_MODE_AUTO).
• CUPS_PRINT_QUALITY: Controls the generate quality of the output: CUPS_PRINT_QUALITY_DRAFT, CUPS_PRINT_QUALITY_NORMAL, or CUPS_PRINT_QUALITY_HIGH.
• CUPS_SIDES: Controls whether prints are placed on one or both sides of the media: CUPS_SIDES_ONE_SIDED, CUPS_SIDES_TWO_SIDED_PORTRAIT, or CUPS_SIDES_TWO_SIDED_LANDSCAPE.

If the value argument is NULL, the cupsCheckDestSupported function returns whether the option is supported by the destination. Otherwise, the function returns whether the specified value of the option is supported.

The cupsFindDestSupported function returns the IPP attribute containing the supported values for a given option:

 ipp_attribute_t *
 cupsFindDestSupported(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                       cups_dinfo_t *dinfo,
                       const char *option);

For example, the following code prints the supported finishing processes for a destination, if any, to the standard output:

cups_dinfo_t *info = cupsCopyDestInfo(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT,
                                      dest);

if (cupsCheckDestSupported(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                           CUPS_FINISHINGS, NULL))
{
  ipp_attribute_t *finishings =
      cupsFindDestSupported(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                            CUPS_FINISHINGS);
  int i, count = ippGetCount(finishings);

  puts("finishings supported:");
  for (i = 0; i < count; i ++)
    printf("  %d\n", ippGetInteger(finishings, i));
}
else
  puts("finishings not supported.");

The "job-creation-attributes" option can be queried to get a list of supported options. For example, the following code prints the list of supported options to the standard output:

ipp_attribute_t *attrs =
    cupsFindDestSupported(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                          "job-creation-attributes");
int i, count = ippGetCount(attrs);

for (i = 0; i < count; i ++)
  puts(ippGetString(attrs, i, NULL));

Getting Default Values

There are two sets of default values - user defaults that are available via the num_options and options members of the cups_dest_t structure, and destination defaults that available via the cups_dinfo_t structure and the cupsFindDestDefault function which returns the IPP attribute containing the default value(s) for a given option:

ipp_attribute_t *
cupsFindDestDefault(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                    cups_dinfo_t *dinfo,
                    const char *option);

The user defaults from cupsGetOption should always take preference over the destination defaults. For example, the following code prints the default finishings value(s) to the standard output:

const char *def_value =
    cupsGetOption(CUPS_FINISHINGS, dest->num_options,
                  dest->options);
ipp_attribute_t *def_attr =
    cupsFindDestDefault(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                        CUPS_FINISHINGS);

if (def_value != NULL)
{
  printf("Default finishings: %s\n", def_value);
}
else
{
  int i, count = ippGetCount(def_attr);

  printf("Default finishings: %d",
         ippGetInteger(def_attr, 0));
  for (i = 1; i < count; i ++)
    printf(",%d", ippGetInteger(def_attr, i));
  putchar('\n');
}

Getting Ready (Loaded) Values

The finishings and media options also support queries for the ready, or loaded, values. For example, a printer may have punch and staple finishers installed but be out of staples - the supported values will list both punch and staple finishing processes but the ready values will only list the punch processes. Similarly, a printer may support hundreds of different sizes of media but only have a single size loaded at any given time - the ready values are limited to the media that is actually in the printer.

The cupsFindDestReady function finds the IPP attribute containing the ready values for a given option:

ipp_attribute_t *
cupsFindDestReady(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                  cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option);

For example, the following code lists the ready finishing processes:

ipp_attribute_t *ready_finishings =
    cupsFindDestReady(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                      CUPS_FINISHINGS);

if (ready_finishings != NULL)
{
  int i, count = ippGetCount(ready_finishings);

  puts("finishings ready:");
  for (i = 0; i < count; i ++)
    printf("  %d\n", ippGetInteger(ready_finishings, i));
}
else
  puts("no finishings are ready.");

Media Size Options

CUPS provides functions for querying the dimensions and margins for each of the supported media size options. The cups_size_t structure is used to describe a media size:

typedef struct cups_size_s
{
  char media[128];
  int width, length;
  int bottom, left, right, top;
} cups_size_t;

The width and length members specify the dimensions of the media in hundredths of millimeters (1/2540th of an inch). The bottom, left, right, and top members specify the margins of the printable area, also in hundredths of millimeters.

The cupsGetDestMediaByName and cupsGetDestMediaBySize functions lookup the media size information using a standard media size name or dimensions in hundredths of millimeters:

int
cupsGetDestMediaByName(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                       cups_dinfo_t *dinfo,
                       const char *media,
                       unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

int
cupsGetDestMediaBySize(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                       cups_dinfo_t *dinfo,
                       int width, int length,
                       unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

The media, width, and length arguments specify the size to lookup. The flags argument specifies a bitfield controlling various lookup options:

• CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DEFAULT: Find the closest size supported by the printer.
• CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_BORDERLESS: Find a borderless size.
• CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DUPLEX: Find a size compatible with two-sided printing.
• CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_EXACT: Find an exact match for the size.
• CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_READY: If the printer supports media sensing or configuration of the media in each tray/source, find the size amongst the "ready" media.

If a matching size is found for the destination, the size information is stored in the structure pointed to by the size argument and 1 is returned. Otherwise 0 is returned.

For example, the following code prints the margins for two-sided printing on US Letter media:

cups_size_t size;

if (cupsGetDestMediaByName(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                           CUPS_MEDIA_LETTER,
                           CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DUPLEX, &size))
{
  puts("Margins for duplex US Letter:");
  printf("  Bottom: %.2fin\n", size.bottom / 2540.0);
  printf("    Left: %.2fin\n", size.left / 2540.0);
  printf("   Right: %.2fin\n", size.right / 2540.0);
  printf("     Top: %.2fin\n", size.top / 2540.0);
}
else
  puts("Margins for duplex US Letter are not available.");

You can also enumerate all of the sizes that match a given flags value using the cupsGetDestMediaByIndex and cupsGetDestMediaCount functions:

int
cupsGetDestMediaByIndex(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                        cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, int n,
                        unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

int
cupsGetDestMediaCount(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                      cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, unsigned flags);

For example, the following code prints the list of ready media and corresponding margins:

cups_size_t size;
int i;
int count = cupsGetDestMediaCount(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT,
                                  dest, info,
                                  CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_READY);

for (i = 0; i < count; i ++)
{
  if (cupsGetDestMediaByIndex(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                              i, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_READY,
                              &size))
  {
    printf("%s:\n", size.name);
    printf("   Width: %.2fin\n", size.width / 2540.0);
    printf("  Length: %.2fin\n", size.length / 2540.0);
    printf("  Bottom: %.2fin\n", size.bottom / 2540.0);
    printf("    Left: %.2fin\n", size.left / 2540.0);
    printf("   Right: %.2fin\n", size.right / 2540.0);
    printf("     Top: %.2fin\n", size.top / 2540.0);
  }
}

Finally, the cupsGetDestMediaDefault function returns the default media size:

int
cupsGetDestMediaDefault(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                        cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, unsigned flags,
                        cups_size_t *size);

Localizing Options and Values

CUPS provides three functions to get localized, human-readable strings in the user's current locale for options and values: cupsLocalizeDestMedia, cupsLocalizeDestOption, and cupsLocalizeDestValue:

const char *
cupsLocalizeDestMedia(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                      cups_dinfo_t *info, unsigned flags,
                      cups_size_t *size);

const char *
cupsLocalizeDestOption(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                       cups_dinfo_t *info,
                       const char *option);

const char *
cupsLocalizeDestValue(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                      cups_dinfo_t *info,
                      const char *option, const char *value);

Submitting a Print Job

Once you are ready to submit a print job, you create a job using the cupsCreateDestJob function:

ipp_status_t
cupsCreateDestJob(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                  cups_dinfo_t *info, int *job_id,
                  const char *title, int num_options,
                  cups_option_t *options);

The title argument specifies a name for the print job such as "My Document". The num_options and options arguments specify the options for the print job which are allocated using the cupsAddOption function.

When successful, the job's numeric identifier is stored in the integer pointed to by the job_id argument and IPP_STATUS_OK is returned. Otherwise, an IPP error status is returned.

For example, the following code creates a new job that will print 42 copies of a two-sided US Letter document:

int job_id = 0;
int num_options = 0;
cups_option_t *options = NULL;

num_options = cupsAddOption(CUPS_COPIES, "42",
                            num_options, &options);
num_options = cupsAddOption(CUPS_MEDIA, CUPS_MEDIA_LETTER,
                            num_options, &options);
num_options = cupsAddOption(CUPS_SIDES,
                            CUPS_SIDES_TWO_SIDED_PORTRAIT,
                            num_options, &options);

if (cupsCreateDestJob(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                      &job_id, "My Document", num_options,
                      options) == IPP_STATUS_OK)
  printf("Created job: %d\n", job_id);
else
  printf("Unable to create job: %s\n",
         cupsLastErrorString());

Once the job is created, you submit documents for the job using the cupsStartDestDocument, cupsWriteRequestData, and cupsFinishDestDocument functions:

http_status_t
cupsStartDestDocument(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                      cups_dinfo_t *info, int job_id,
                      const char *docname,
                      const char *format,
                      int num_options,
                      cups_option_t *options,
                      int last_document);

http_status_t
cupsWriteRequestData(http_t *http, const char *buffer,
                     size_t length);

ipp_status_t
cupsFinishDestDocument(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest,
                       cups_dinfo_t *info);

The docname argument specifies the name of the document, typically the original filename. The format argument specifies the MIME media type of the document, including the following constants:

• CUPS_FORMAT_JPEG: "image/jpeg"
• CUPS_FORMAT_PDF: "application/pdf"
• CUPS_FORMAT_POSTSCRIPT: "application/postscript"
• CUPS_FORMAT_TEXT: "text/plain"

The num_options and options arguments specify per-document print options, which at present must be 0 and NULL. The last_document argument specifies whether this is the last document in the job.

For example, the following code submits a PDF file to the job that was just created:

FILE *fp = fopen("filename.pdf", "rb");
size_t bytes;
char buffer[65536];

if (cupsStartDestDocument(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest, info,
                          job_id, "filename.pdf", 0, NULL,
                          1) == HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE)
{
  while ((bytes = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), fp)) > 0)
    if (cupsWriteRequestData(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, buffer,
                             bytes) != HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE)
      break;

  if (cupsFinishDestDocument(CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, dest,
                             info) == IPP_STATUS_OK)
    puts("Document send succeeded.");
  else
    printf("Document send failed: %s\n",
           cupsLastErrorString());
}

fclose(fp);

Sending IPP Requests

CUPS provides a rich API for sending IPP requests to the scheduler or printers, typically from management or utility applications whose primary purpose is not to send print jobs.

Connecting to the Scheduler or Printer

The connection to the scheduler or printer is represented by the HTTP connection type http_t. The cupsConnectDest function connects to the scheduler or printer associated with the destination:

http_t *
cupsConnectDest(cups_dest_t *dest, unsigned flags, int msec,
                int *cancel, char *resource,
                size_t resourcesize, cups_dest_cb_t cb,
                void *user_data);

The dest argument specifies the destination to connect to.

The flags argument specifies whether you want to connect to the scheduler (CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_NONE) or device/printer (CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_DEVICE) associated with the destination.

The msec argument specifies how long you are willing to wait for the connection to be established in milliseconds. Specify a value of -1 to wait indefinitely.

The cancel argument specifies the address of an integer variable that can be set to a non-zero value to cancel the connection. Specify a value of NULL to not provide a cancel variable.

The resource and resourcesize arguments specify the address and size of a character string array to hold the path to use when sending an IPP request.

The cb and user_data arguments specify a destination callback function that returns 1 to continue connecting or 0 to stop. The destination callback work the same way as the one used for the cupsEnumDests function.

On success, a HTTP connection is returned that can be used to send IPP requests and get IPP responses.

For example, the following code connects to the printer associated with a destination with a 30 second timeout:

char resource[256];
http_t *http = cupsConnectDest(dest, CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_DEVICE,
                               30000, NULL, resource,
                               sizeof(resource), NULL, NULL);

Creating an IPP Request

IPP requests are represented by the IPP message type ipp_t and each IPP attribute in the request is representing using the type ipp_attribute_t. Each IPP request includes an operation code (IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB, IPP_OP_GET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES, etc.) and a 32-bit integer identifier.

The ippNewRequest function creates a new IPP request:

ipp_t *
ippNewRequest(ipp_op_t op);

The op argument specifies the IPP operation code for the request. For example, the following code creates an IPP Get-Printer-Attributes request:

ipp_t *request = ippNewRequest(IPP_OP_GET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES);

The request identifier is automatically set to a unique value for the current process.

Each IPP request starts with two IPP attributes, "attributes-charset" and "attributes-natural-language", followed by IPP attribute(s) that specify the target of the operation. The ippNewRequest automatically adds the correct "attributes-charset" and "attributes-natural-language" attributes, but you must add the target attribute(s). For example, the following code adds the "printer-uri" attribute to the IPP Get-Printer-Attributes request to specify which printer is being queried:

const char *printer_uri = cupsGetOption("device-uri",
                                        dest->num_options,
                                        dest->options);

ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_URI,
             "printer-uri", NULL, printer_uri);

Note:

If we wanted to query the scheduler instead of the device, we would look up the "printer-uri-supported" option instead of the "device-uri" value.

The ippAddString function adds the "printer-uri" attribute the the IPP request. The IPP_TAG_OPERATION argument specifies that the attribute is part of the operation. The IPP_TAG_URI argument specifies that the value is a Universal Resource Identifier (URI) string. The NULL argument specifies there is no language (English, French, Japanese, etc.) associated with the string, and the printer_uri argument specifies the string value.

The IPP Get-Printer-Attributes request also supports an IPP attribute called "requested-attributes" that lists the attributes and values you are interested in. For example, the following code requests the printer state attributes:

static const char * const requested_attributes[] =
{
  "printer-state",
  "printer-state-message",
  "printer-state-reasons"
};

ippAddStrings(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,
              "requested-attributes", 3, NULL,
              requested_attributes);

The ippAddStrings function adds an attribute with one or more strings, in this case three. The IPP_TAG_KEYWORD argument specifies that the strings are keyword values, which are used for attribute names. All strings use the same language (NULL), and the attribute will contain the three strings in the array requested_attributes.

CUPS provides many functions to adding attributes of different types:

• ippAddBoolean adds a boolean (IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN) attribute with one value.
• ippAddInteger adds an enum (IPP_TAG_ENUM) or integer (IPP_TAG_INTEGER) attribute with one value.
• ippAddIntegers adds an enum or integer attribute with one or more values.
• ippAddOctetString adds an octetString attribute with one value.
• ippAddOutOfBand adds a admin-defined (IPP_TAG_ADMINDEFINE), default (IPP_TAG_DEFAULT), delete-attribute (IPP_TAG_DELETEATTR), no-value (IPP_TAG_NOVALUE), not-settable (IPP_TAG_NOTSETTABLE), unknown (IPP_TAG_UNKNOWN), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_VALUE) out-of-band attribute.
• ippAddRange adds a rangeOfInteger attribute with one range.
• ippAddRanges adds a rangeOfInteger attribute with one or more ranges.
• ippAddResolution adds a resolution attribute with one resolution.
• ippAddResolutions adds a resolution attribute with one or more resolutions.
• ippAddString adds a charset (IPP_TAG_CHARSET), keyword (IPP_TAG_KEYWORD), mimeMediaType (IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE), name (IPP_TAG_NAME and IPP_TAG_NAMELANG), naturalLanguage (IPP_TAG_NATURAL_LANGUAGE), text (IPP_TAG_TEXT and IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG), uri (IPP_TAG_URI), or uriScheme (IPP_TAG_URISCHEME) attribute with one value.
• ippAddStrings adds a charset, keyword, mimeMediaType, name, naturalLanguage, text, uri, or uriScheme attribute with one or more values.

Sending the IPP Request

Once you have created the IPP request, you can send it using the cupsDoRequest function. For example, the following code sends the IPP Get-Printer-Attributes request to the destination and saves the response:

ipp_t *response = cupsDoRequest(http, request, resource);

For requests like Send-Document that include a file, the cupsDoFileRequest function should be used:

ipp_t *response = cupsDoFileRequest(http, request, resource,
                                    filename);

Both cupsDoRequest and cupsDoFileRequest free the IPP request. If a valid IPP response is received, it is stored in a new IPP message (ipp_t) and returned to the caller. Otherwise NULL is returned.

The status from the most recent request can be queried using the cupsLastError function, for example:

if (cupsLastError() >= IPP_STATUS_ERROR_BAD_REQUEST)
{
  /* request failed */
}

A human-readable error message is also available using the cupsLastErrorString function:

if (cupsLastError() >= IPP_STATUS_ERROR_BAD_REQUEST)
{
  /* request failed */
  printf("Request failed: %s\n", cupsLastErrorString());
}

Processing the IPP Response

Each response to an IPP request is also an IPP message (ipp_t) with its own IPP attributes (ipp_attribute_t) that includes a status code (IPP_STATUS_OK, IPP_STATUS_ERROR_BAD_REQUEST, etc.) and the corresponding 32-bit integer identifier from the request.

For example, the following code finds the printer state attributes and prints their values:

ipp_attribute_t *attr;

if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "printer-state",
                             IPP_TAG_ENUM)) != NULL)
{
  printf("printer-state=%s\n",
         ippEnumString("printer-state", ippGetInteger(attr, 0)));
}
else
  puts("printer-state=unknown");

if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "printer-state-message",
                             IPP_TAG_TEXT)) != NULL)
{
  printf("printer-state-message=\"%s\"\n",
         ippGetString(attr, 0, NULL)));
}

if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "printer-state-reasons",
                             IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL)
{
  int i, count = ippGetCount(attr);

  puts("printer-state-reasons=");
  for (i = 0; i < count; i ++)
    printf("    %s\n", ippGetString(attr, i, NULL)));
}

The ippGetCount function returns the number of values in an attribute.

The ippGetInteger and ippGetString functions return a single integer or string value from an attribute.

The ippEnumString function converts a enum value to its keyword (string) equivalent.

Once you are done using the IPP response message, free it using the ippDelete function:

ippDelete(response);

Authentication

CUPS normally handles authentication through the console. GUI applications should set a password callback using the cupsSetPasswordCB2 function:

void
cupsSetPasswordCB2(cups_password_cb2_t cb, void *user_data);

The password callback will be called when needed and is responsible for setting the current user name using cupsSetUser and returning a string:

const char *
cups_password_cb2(const char *prompt, http_t *http,
                  const char *method, const char *resource,
                  void *user_data);

The prompt argument is a string from CUPS that should be displayed to the user.

The http argument is the connection hosting the request that is being authenticated. The password callback can call the httpGetField and httpGetSubField functions to look for additional details concerning the authentication challenge.

The method argument specifies the HTTP method used for the request and is typically "POST".

The resource argument specifies the path used for the request.

The user_data argument provides the user data pointer from the cupsSetPasswordCB2 call.

Functions

cupsAddDest

Add a destination to the list of destinations.

int cupsAddDest(const char *name, const char *instance, int num_dests, cups_dest_t **dests);

Parameters

name	Destination name
instance	Instance name or NULL for none/primary
num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destinations

Return Value

New number of destinations

Discussion

This function cannot be used to add a new class or printer queue, it only adds a new container of saved options for the named destination or instance.

If the named destination already exists, the destination list is returned unchanged. Adding a new instance of a destination creates a copy of that destination's options.

Use the cupsSaveDests function to save the updated list of destinations to the user's lpoptions file.

 CUPS 2.3/macOS 10.14 cupsAddDestMediaOptions

Add the option corresponding to the specified media size.

int cupsAddDestMediaOptions(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size, int num_options, cups_option_t **options);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
flags	Media matching flags
size	Media size
num_options	Current number of options
options	Options

Return Value

New number of options

 CUPS 2.2.4/macOS 10.13 cupsAddIntegerOption

Add an integer option to an option array.

int cupsAddIntegerOption(const char *name, int value, int num_options, cups_option_t **options);

Parameters

name	Name of option
value	Value of option
num_options	Number of options
options	Pointer to options

Return Value

Number of options

Discussion

New option arrays can be initialized simply by passing 0 for the "num_options" parameter.

cupsAddOption

Add an option to an option array.

int cupsAddOption(const char *name, const char *value, int num_options, cups_option_t **options);

Parameters

name	Name of option
value	Value of option
num_options	Number of options
options	Pointer to options

Return Value

Number of options

Discussion

New option arrays can be initialized simply by passing 0 for the "num_options" parameter.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCancelDestJob

Cancel a job on a destination.

ipp_status_t cupsCancelDestJob(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, int job_id);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
job_id	Job ID

Return Value

Status of cancel operation

Discussion

The "job_id" is the number returned by cupsCreateDestJob.

Returns IPP_STATUS_OK on success and IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_AUTHORIZED or IPP_STATUS_ERROR_FORBIDDEN on failure.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCheckDestSupported

Check that the option and value are supported by the destination.

int cupsCheckDestSupported(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option, const char *value);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
option	Option
value	Value or NULL

Return Value

1 if supported, 0 otherwise

Discussion

Returns 1 if supported, 0 otherwise.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCloseDestJob

Close a job and start printing.

ipp_status_t cupsCloseDestJob(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *info, int job_id);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
info	Destination information
job_id	Job ID

Return Value

IPP status code

Discussion

Use when the last call to cupsStartDocument passed 0 for "last_document". "job_id" is the job ID returned by cupsCreateDestJob. Returns IPP_STATUS_OK on success.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsConnectDest

Open a connection to the destination.

http_t *cupsConnectDest(cups_dest_t *dest, unsigned flags, int msec, int *cancel, char *resource, size_t resourcesize, cups_dest_cb_t cb, void *user_data);

Parameters

dest	Destination
flags	Connection flags
msec	Timeout in milliseconds
cancel	Pointer to "cancel" variable
resource	Resource buffer
resourcesize	Size of resource buffer
cb	Callback function
user_data	User data pointer

Return Value

Connection to destination or NULL

Discussion

Connect to the destination, returning a new http_t connection object and optionally the resource path to use for the destination. These calls will block until a connection is made, the timeout expires, the integer pointed to by "cancel" is non-zero, or the callback function (or block) returns 0. The caller is responsible for calling httpClose on the returned connection.

Starting with CUPS 2.2.4, the caller can pass CUPS_DEST_FLAGS_DEVICE for the "flags" argument to connect directly to the device associated with the destination. Otherwise, the connection is made to the CUPS scheduler associated with the destination.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCopyDest

Copy a destination.

int cupsCopyDest(cups_dest_t *dest, int num_dests, cups_dest_t **dests);

Parameters

dest	Destination to copy
num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destination array

Return Value

New number of destinations

Discussion

Make a copy of the destination to an array of destinations (or just a single copy) - for use with the cupsEnumDests* functions. The caller is responsible for calling cupsFreeDests() on the returned object(s).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCopyDestConflicts

Get conflicts and resolutions for a new option/value pair.

int cupsCopyDestConflicts(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, int num_options, cups_option_t *options, const char *new_option, const char *new_value, int *num_conflicts, cups_option_t **conflicts, int *num_resolved, cups_option_t **resolved);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
num_options	Number of current options
options	Current options
new_option	New option
new_value	New value
num_conflicts	Number of conflicting options
conflicts	Conflicting options
num_resolved	Number of options to resolve
resolved	Resolved options

Return Value

1 if there is a conflict, 0 if none, -1 on error

Discussion

"num_options" and "options" represent the currently selected options by the user. "new_option" and "new_value" are the setting the user has just changed.

Returns 1 if there is a conflict, 0 if there are no conflicts, and -1 if there was an unrecoverable error such as a resolver loop.

If "num_conflicts" and "conflicts" are not NULL, they are set to contain the list of conflicting option/value pairs. Similarly, if "num_resolved" and "resolved" are not NULL they will be set to the list of changes needed to resolve the conflict.

If cupsCopyDestConflicts returns 1 but "num_resolved" and "resolved" are set to 0 and NULL, respectively, then the conflict cannot be resolved.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCopyDestInfo

Get the supported values/capabilities for the destination.

cups_dinfo_t *cupsCopyDestInfo(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination

Return Value

Destination information

Discussion

The caller is responsible for calling cupsFreeDestInfo on the return value. NULL is returned on error.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsCreateDestJob

Create a job on a destination.

ipp_status_t cupsCreateDestJob(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *info, int *job_id, const char *title, int num_options, cups_option_t *options);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
info	Destination information
job_id	Job ID or 0 on error
title	Job name
num_options	Number of job options
options	Job options

Return Value

IPP status code

Discussion

Returns IPP_STATUS_OK or IPP_STATUS_OK_SUBST on success, saving the job ID in the variable pointed to by "job_id".

 CUPS 1.1.20/macOS 10.4 cupsDoAuthentication

Authenticate a request.

int cupsDoAuthentication(http_t *http, const char *method, const char *resource);

Parameters

http	Connection to server or CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT
method	Request method ("GET", "POST", "PUT")
resource	Resource path

Return Value

0 on success, -1 on error

Discussion

This function should be called in response to a HTTP_STATUS_UNAUTHORIZED status, prior to resubmitting your request.

 CUPS 2.3/macOS 10.14 cupsEncodeOption

Encode a single option into an IPP attribute.

ipp_attribute_t *cupsEncodeOption(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group_tag, const char *name, const char *value);

Parameters

ipp	IPP request/response
group_tag	Attribute group
name	Option name
value	Option string value

Return Value

New attribute or NULL on error

cupsEncodeOptions

Encode printer options into IPP attributes.

void cupsEncodeOptions(ipp_t *ipp, int num_options, cups_option_t *options);

Parameters

ipp	IPP request/response
num_options	Number of options
options	Options

Discussion

This function adds operation, job, and then subscription attributes, in that order. Use the cupsEncodeOptions2 function to add attributes for a single group.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 cupsEncodeOptions2

Encode printer options into IPP attributes for a group.

void cupsEncodeOptions2(ipp_t *ipp, int num_options, cups_option_t *options, ipp_tag_t group_tag);

Parameters

ipp	IPP request/response
num_options	Number of options
options	Options
group_tag	Group to encode

Discussion

This function only adds attributes for a single group. Call this function multiple times for each group, or use cupsEncodeOptions to add the standard groups.

cupsEncryption

Get the current encryption settings.

http_encryption_t cupsEncryption(void);

Return Value

Encryption settings

Discussion

The default encryption setting comes from the CUPS_ENCRYPTION environment variable, then the ~/.cups/client.conf file, and finally the /etc/cups/client.conf file. If not set, the default is HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED.

Note: The current encryption setting is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the setting via the cupsSetEncryption function need to do so in each thread for the same setting to be used.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsEnumDests

Enumerate available destinations with a callback function.

int cupsEnumDests(unsigned flags, int msec, int *cancel, cups_ptype_t type, cups_ptype_t mask, cups_dest_cb_t cb, void *user_data);

Parameters

flags	Enumeration flags
msec	Timeout in milliseconds, -1 for indefinite
cancel	Pointer to "cancel" variable
type	Printer type bits
mask	Mask for printer type bits
cb	Callback function
user_data	User data

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

Destinations are enumerated from one or more sources. The callback function receives the user_data pointer and the destination pointer which can be used as input to the cupsCopyDest function. The function must return 1 to continue enumeration or 0 to stop.

The type and mask arguments allow the caller to filter the destinations that are enumerated. Passing 0 for both will enumerate all printers. The constant CUPS_PRINTER_DISCOVERED is used to filter on destinations that are available but have not yet been added locally.

Enumeration happens on the current thread and does not return until all destinations have been enumerated or the callback function returns 0.

Note: The callback function will likely receive multiple updates for the same destinations - it is up to the caller to suppress any duplicate destinations.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsFindDestDefault

Find the default value(s) for the given option.

ipp_attribute_t *cupsFindDestDefault(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
option	Option/attribute name

Return Value

Default attribute or NULL for none

Discussion

The returned value is an IPP attribute. Use the ippGetBoolean, ippGetCollection, ippGetCount, ippGetDate, ippGetInteger, ippGetOctetString, ippGetRange, ippGetResolution, ippGetString, and ippGetValueTag functions to inspect the default value(s) as needed.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsFindDestReady

Find the default value(s) for the given option.

ipp_attribute_t *cupsFindDestReady(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
option	Option/attribute name

Return Value

Default attribute or NULL for none

Discussion

The returned value is an IPP attribute. Use the ippGetBoolean, ippGetCollection, ippGetCount, ippGetDate, ippGetInteger, ippGetOctetString, ippGetRange, ippGetResolution, ippGetString, and ippGetValueTag functions to inspect the default value(s) as needed.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsFindDestSupported

Find the default value(s) for the given option.

ipp_attribute_t *cupsFindDestSupported(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
option	Option/attribute name

Return Value

Default attribute or NULL for none

Discussion

The returned value is an IPP attribute. Use the ippGetBoolean, ippGetCollection, ippGetCount, ippGetDate, ippGetInteger, ippGetOctetString, ippGetRange, ippGetResolution, ippGetString, and ippGetValueTag functions to inspect the default value(s) as needed.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsFinishDestDocument

Finish the current document.

ipp_status_t cupsFinishDestDocument(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *info);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
info	Destination information

Return Value

Status of document submission

Discussion

Returns IPP_STATUS_OK or IPP_STATUS_OK_SUBST on success.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsFreeDestInfo

Free destination information obtained using cupsCopyDestInfo.

void cupsFreeDestInfo(cups_dinfo_t *dinfo);

Parameters

dinfo	Destination information

cupsFreeDests

Free the memory used by the list of destinations.

void cupsFreeDests(int num_dests, cups_dest_t *dests);

Parameters

num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destinations

cupsFreeJobs

Free memory used by job data.

void cupsFreeJobs(int num_jobs, cups_job_t *jobs);

Parameters

num_jobs	Number of jobs
jobs	Jobs

cupsFreeOptions

Free all memory used by options.

void cupsFreeOptions(int num_options, cups_option_t *options);

Parameters

num_options	Number of options
options	Pointer to options

cupsGetDest

Get the named destination from the list.

cups_dest_t *cupsGetDest(const char *name, const char *instance, int num_dests, cups_dest_t *dests);

Parameters

name	Destination name or NULL for the default destination
instance	Instance name or NULL
num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destinations

Return Value

Destination pointer or NULL

Discussion

Use the cupsEnumDests or cupsGetDests2 functions to get a list of supported destinations for the current user.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsGetDestMediaByIndex

Get a media name, dimension, and margins for a specific size.

int cupsGetDestMediaByIndex(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, int n, unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
n	Media size number (0-based)
flags	Media flags
size	Media size information

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The flags parameter determines which set of media are indexed. For example, passing CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_BORDERLESS will get the Nth borderless size supported by the printer.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsGetDestMediaByName

Get media names, dimensions, and margins.

int cupsGetDestMediaByName(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *media, unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
media	Media name
flags	Media matching flags
size	Media size information

Return Value

1 on match, 0 on failure

Discussion

The "media" string is a PWG media name. "Flags" provides some matching guidance (multiple flags can be combined):

CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DEFAULT = find the closest size supported by the printer, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_BORDERLESS = find a borderless size, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DUPLEX = find a size compatible with 2-sided printing, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_EXACT = find an exact match for the size, and CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_READY = if the printer supports media sensing, find the size amongst the "ready" media.

The matching result (if any) is returned in the "cups_size_t" structure.

Returns 1 when there is a match and 0 if there is not a match.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsGetDestMediaBySize

Get media names, dimensions, and margins.

int cupsGetDestMediaBySize(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, int width, int length, unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
width	Media width in hundredths of of millimeters
length	Media length in hundredths of of millimeters
flags	Media matching flags
size	Media size information

Return Value

1 on match, 0 on failure

Discussion

"Width" and "length" are the dimensions in hundredths of millimeters. "Flags" provides some matching guidance (multiple flags can be combined):

CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DEFAULT = find the closest size supported by the printer, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_BORDERLESS = find a borderless size, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_DUPLEX = find a size compatible with 2-sided printing, CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_EXACT = find an exact match for the size, and CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_READY = if the printer supports media sensing, find the size amongst the "ready" media.

The matching result (if any) is returned in the "cups_size_t" structure.

Returns 1 when there is a match and 0 if there is not a match.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsGetDestMediaCount

Get the number of sizes supported by a destination.

int cupsGetDestMediaCount(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, unsigned flags);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
flags	Media flags

Return Value

Number of sizes

Discussion

The flags parameter determines the set of media sizes that are counted. For example, passing CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_BORDERLESS will return the number of borderless sizes.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsGetDestMediaDefault

Get the default size for a destination.

int cupsGetDestMediaDefault(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
flags	Media flags
size	Media size information

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The flags parameter determines which default size is returned. For example, passing CUPS_MEDIA_FLAGS_BORDERLESS will return the default borderless size, typically US Letter or A4, but sometimes 4x6 photo media.

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 cupsGetDestWithURI

Get a destination associated with a URI.

cups_dest_t *cupsGetDestWithURI(const char *name, const char *uri);

Parameters

name	Desired printer name or NULL
uri	URI for the printer

Return Value

Destination or NULL

Discussion

"name" is the desired name for the printer. If NULL, a name will be created using the URI.

"uri" is the "ipp" or "ipps" URI for the printer.

 CUPS 1.1.21/macOS 10.4 cupsGetDests2

Get the list of destinations from the specified server.

int cupsGetDests2(http_t *http, cups_dest_t **dests);

Parameters

http	Connection to server or CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT
dests	Destinations

Return Value

Number of destinations

Discussion

Starting with CUPS 1.2, the returned list of destinations include the "printer-info", "printer-is-accepting-jobs", "printer-is-shared", "printer-make-and-model", "printer-state", "printer-state-change-time", "printer-state-reasons", "printer-type", and "printer-uri-supported" attributes as options.

CUPS 1.4 adds the "marker-change-time", "marker-colors", "marker-high-levels", "marker-levels", "marker-low-levels", "marker-message", "marker-names", "marker-types", and "printer-commands" attributes as options.

CUPS 2.2 adds accessible IPP printers to the list of destinations that can be used. The "printer-uri-supported" option will be present for those IPP printers that have been recently used.

Use the cupsFreeDests function to free the destination list and the cupsGetDest function to find a particular destination.

 CUPS 2.2.4/macOS 10.13 cupsGetIntegerOption

Get an integer option value.

int cupsGetIntegerOption(const char *name, int num_options, cups_option_t *options);

Parameters

name	Name of option
num_options	Number of options
options	Options

Return Value

Option value or INT_MIN

Discussion

INT_MIN is returned when the option does not exist, is not an integer, or exceeds the range of values for the "int" type.

 CUPS 1.1.21/macOS 10.4 cupsGetJobs2

Get the jobs from the specified server.

int cupsGetJobs2(http_t *http, cups_job_t **jobs, const char *name, int myjobs, int whichjobs);

Parameters

http	Connection to server or CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT
jobs	Job data
name	NULL = all destinations, otherwise show jobs for named destination
myjobs	0 = all users, 1 = mine
whichjobs	CUPS_WHICHJOBS_ALL, CUPS_WHICHJOBS_ACTIVE, or CUPS_WHICHJOBS_COMPLETED

Return Value

Number of jobs

Discussion

A "whichjobs" value of CUPS_WHICHJOBS_ALL returns all jobs regardless of state, while CUPS_WHICHJOBS_ACTIVE returns jobs that are pending, processing, or held and CUPS_WHICHJOBS_COMPLETED returns jobs that are stopped, canceled, aborted, or completed.

 CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6 cupsGetNamedDest

Get options for the named destination.

cups_dest_t *cupsGetNamedDest(http_t *http, const char *name, const char *instance);

Parameters

http	Connection to server or CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT
name	Destination name or NULL for the default destination
instance	Instance name or NULL

Return Value

Destination or NULL

Discussion

This function is optimized for retrieving a single destination and should be used instead of cupsGetDests2 and cupsGetDest when you either know the name of the destination or want to print to the default destination. If NULL is returned, the destination does not exist or there is no default destination.

If "http" is CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT, the connection to the default print server will be used.

If "name" is NULL, the default printer for the current user will be returned.

The returned destination must be freed using cupsFreeDests with a "num_dests" value of 1.

cupsGetOption

Get an option value.

const char *cupsGetOption(const char *name, int num_options, cups_option_t *options);

Parameters

name	Name of option
num_options	Number of options
options	Options

Return Value

Option value or NULL

 CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6 cupsGetPassword2

Get a password from the user using the current password callback.

const char *cupsGetPassword2(const char *prompt, http_t *http, const char *method, const char *resource);

Parameters

prompt	Prompt string
http	Connection to server or CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT
method	Request method ("GET", "POST", "PUT")
resource	Resource path

Return Value

Password

Discussion

Uses the current password callback function. Returns NULL if the user does not provide a password.

Note: The current password callback function is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the setting via the cupsSetPasswordCB2 function need to do so in each thread for the same function to be used.

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 cupsLocalizeDestMedia

Get the localized string for a destination media size.

const char *cupsLocalizeDestMedia(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, unsigned flags, cups_size_t *size);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
flags	Media flags
size	Media size

Return Value

Localized string

Discussion

The returned string is stored in the destination information and will become invalid if the destination information is deleted.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsLocalizeDestOption

Get the localized string for a destination option.

const char *cupsLocalizeDestOption(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
option	Option to localize

Return Value

Localized string

Discussion

The returned string is stored in the destination information and will become invalid if the destination information is deleted.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsLocalizeDestValue

Get the localized string for a destination option+value pair.

const char *cupsLocalizeDestValue(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *dinfo, const char *option, const char *value);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
dinfo	Destination information
option	Option to localize
value	Value to localize

Return Value

Localized string

Discussion

The returned string is stored in the destination information and will become invalid if the destination information is deleted.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 cupsMakeServerCredentials

Make a self-signed certificate and private key pair.

int cupsMakeServerCredentials(const char *path, const char *common_name, int num_alt_names, const char **alt_names, time_t expiration_date);

Parameters

path	Keychain path or NULL for default
common_name	Common name
num_alt_names	Number of subject alternate names
alt_names	Subject Alternate Names
expiration_date	Expiration date

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

cupsParseOptions

Parse options from a command-line argument.

int cupsParseOptions(const char *arg, int num_options, cups_option_t **options);

Parameters

arg	Argument to parse
num_options	Number of options
options	Options found

Return Value

Number of options found

Discussion

This function converts space-delimited name/value pairs according to the PAPI text option ABNF specification. Collection values ("name={a=... b=... c=...}") are stored with the curley brackets intact - use cupsParseOptions on the value to extract the collection attributes.

 CUPS 1.3/macOS 10.5 cupsRemoveDest

Remove a destination from the destination list.

int cupsRemoveDest(const char *name, const char *instance, int num_dests, cups_dest_t **dests);

Parameters

name	Destination name
instance	Instance name or NULL
num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destinations

Return Value

New number of destinations

Discussion

Removing a destination/instance does not delete the class or printer queue, merely the lpoptions for that destination/instance. Use the cupsSetDests or cupsSetDests2 functions to save the new options for the user.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 cupsRemoveOption

Remove an option from an option array.

int cupsRemoveOption(const char *name, int num_options, cups_option_t **options);

Parameters

name	Option name
num_options	Current number of options
options	Options

Return Value

New number of options

cupsServer

Return the hostname/address of the current server.

const char *cupsServer(void);

Return Value

Server name

Discussion

The default server comes from the CUPS_SERVER environment variable, then the ~/.cups/client.conf file, and finally the /etc/cups/client.conf file. If not set, the default is the local system - either "localhost" or a domain socket path.

The returned value can be a fully-qualified hostname, a numeric IPv4 or IPv6 address, or a domain socket pathname.

Note: The current server is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the server via the cupsSetServer function need to do so in each thread for the same server to be used.

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 cupsSetClientCertCB

Set the client certificate callback.

void cupsSetClientCertCB(cups_client_cert_cb_t cb, void *user_data);

Parameters

cb	Callback function
user_data	User data pointer

Discussion

Pass NULL to restore the default callback.

Note: The current certificate callback is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the callback need to do so in each thread for the same callback to be used.

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 cupsSetCredentials

Set the default credentials to be used for SSL/TLS connections.

int cupsSetCredentials(cups_array_t *credentials);

Parameters

credentials	Array of credentials

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

Discussion

Note: The default credentials are tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the setting need to do so in each thread for the same setting to be used.

 CUPS 1.3/macOS 10.5 cupsSetDefaultDest

Set the default destination.

void cupsSetDefaultDest(const char *name, const char *instance, int num_dests, cups_dest_t *dests);

Parameters

name	Destination name
instance	Instance name or NULL
num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destinations

 CUPS 1.1.21/macOS 10.4 cupsSetDests2

Save the list of destinations for the specified server.

int cupsSetDests2(http_t *http, int num_dests, cups_dest_t *dests);

Parameters

http	Connection to server or CUPS_HTTP_DEFAULT
num_dests	Number of destinations
dests	Destinations

Return Value

0 on success, -1 on error

Discussion

This function saves the destinations to /etc/cups/lpoptions when run as root and ~/.cups/lpoptions when run as a normal user.

cupsSetEncryption

Set the encryption preference.

void cupsSetEncryption(http_encryption_t e);

Parameters

e	New encryption preference

Discussion

The default encryption setting comes from the CUPS_ENCRYPTION environment variable, then the ~/.cups/client.conf file, and finally the /etc/cups/client.conf file. If not set, the default is HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED.

Note: The current encryption setting is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the setting need to do so in each thread for the same setting to be used.

 CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6 cupsSetPasswordCB2

Set the advanced password callback for CUPS.

void cupsSetPasswordCB2(cups_password_cb2_t cb, void *user_data);

Parameters

cb	Callback function
user_data	User data pointer

Discussion

Pass NULL to restore the default (console) password callback, which reads the password from the console. Programs should call either this function or cupsSetPasswordCB2, as only one callback can be registered by a program per thread.

Note: The current password callback is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the callback need to do so in each thread for the same callback to be used.

cupsSetServer

Set the default server name and port.

void cupsSetServer(const char *server);

Parameters

server	Server name

Discussion

The "server" string can be a fully-qualified hostname, a numeric IPv4 or IPv6 address, or a domain socket pathname. Hostnames and numeric IP addresses can be optionally followed by a colon and port number to override the default port 631, e.g. "hostname:8631". Pass NULL to restore the default server name and port.

Note: The current server is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the server need to do so in each thread for the same server to be used.

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 cupsSetServerCertCB

Set the server certificate callback.

void cupsSetServerCertCB(cups_server_cert_cb_t cb, void *user_data);

Parameters

cb	Callback function
user_data	User data pointer

Discussion

Pass NULL to restore the default callback.

Note: The current credentials callback is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the callback need to do so in each thread for the same callback to be used.

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 cupsSetServerCredentials

Set the default server credentials.

int cupsSetServerCredentials(const char *path, const char *common_name, int auto_create);

Parameters

path	Keychain path or NULL for default
common_name	Default common name for server
auto_create	1 = automatically create self-signed certificates

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

Note: The server credentials are used by all threads in the running process. This function is threadsafe.

cupsSetUser

Set the default user name.

void cupsSetUser(const char *user);

Parameters

user	User name

Discussion

Pass NULL to restore the default user name.

Note: The current user name is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the user name need to do so in each thread for the same user name to be used.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsSetUserAgent

Set the default HTTP User-Agent string.

void cupsSetUserAgent(const char *user_agent);

Parameters

user_agent	User-Agent string or NULL

Discussion

Setting the string to NULL forces the default value containing the CUPS version, IPP version, and operating system version and architecture.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cupsStartDestDocument

Start a new document.

http_status_t cupsStartDestDocument(http_t *http, cups_dest_t *dest, cups_dinfo_t *info, int job_id, const char *docname, const char *format, int num_options, cups_option_t *options, int last_document);

Parameters

http	Connection to destination
dest	Destination
info	Destination information
job_id	Job ID
docname	Document name
format	Document format
num_options	Number of document options
options	Document options
last_document	1 if this is the last document

Return Value

Status of document creation

Discussion

"job_id" is the job ID returned by cupsCreateDestJob. "docname" is the name of the document/file being printed, "format" is the MIME media type for the document (see CUPS_FORMAT_xxx constants), and "num_options" and "options" are the options do be applied to the document. "last_document" should be 1 if this is the last document to be submitted in the job. Returns HTTP_CONTINUE on success.

cupsUser

Return the current user's name.

const char *cupsUser(void);

Return Value

User name

Discussion

Note: The current user name is tracked separately for each thread in a program. Multi-threaded programs that override the user name with the cupsSetUser function need to do so in each thread for the same user name to be used.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 cupsUserAgent

Return the default HTTP User-Agent string.

const char *cupsUserAgent(void);

Return Value

User-Agent string

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpAcceptConnection

Accept a new HTTP client connection from the specified listening socket.

http_t *httpAcceptConnection(int fd, int blocking);

Parameters

fd	Listen socket file descriptor
blocking	1 if the connection should be blocking, 0 otherwise

Return Value

HTTP connection or NULL

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 httpAddCredential

Allocates and adds a single credential to an array.

int httpAddCredential(cups_array_t *credentials, const void *data, size_t datalen);

Parameters

credentials	Credentials array
data	PEM-encoded X.509 data
datalen	Length of data

Return Value

0 on success, -1 on error

Discussion

Use cupsArrayNew(NULL, NULL) to create a credentials array.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrAny

Check for the "any" address.

int httpAddrAny(const http_addr_t *addr);

Parameters

addr	Address to check

Return Value

1 if "any", 0 otherwise

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpAddrClose

Close a socket created by httpAddrConnect or httpAddrListen.

int httpAddrClose(http_addr_t *addr, int fd);

Parameters

addr	Listen address or NULL
fd	Socket file descriptor

Return Value

0 on success, -1 on failure

Discussion

Pass NULL for sockets created with httpAddrConnect2 and the listen address for sockets created with httpAddrListen. This function ensures that domain sockets are removed when closed.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpAddrConnect2

Connect to any of the addresses in the list with a timeout and optional cancel.

http_addrlist_t *httpAddrConnect2(http_addrlist_t *addrlist, int *sock, int msec, int *cancel);

Parameters

addrlist	List of potential addresses
sock	Socket
msec	Timeout in milliseconds
cancel	Pointer to "cancel" variable

Return Value

Connected address or NULL on failure

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpAddrCopyList

Copy an address list.

http_addrlist_t *httpAddrCopyList(http_addrlist_t *src);

Parameters

src	Source address list

Return Value

New address list or NULL on error

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrEqual

Compare two addresses.

int httpAddrEqual(const http_addr_t *addr1, const http_addr_t *addr2);

Parameters

addr1	First address
addr2	Second address

Return Value

1 if equal, 0 if not

httpAddrFamily

Get the address family of an address.

int httpAddrFamily(http_addr_t *addr);

Parameters

addr	Address

Return Value

Address family

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrFreeList

Free an address list.

void httpAddrFreeList(http_addrlist_t *addrlist);

Parameters

addrlist	Address list to free

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrGetList

Get a list of addresses for a hostname.

http_addrlist_t *httpAddrGetList(const char *hostname, int family, const char *service);

Parameters

hostname	Hostname, IP address, or NULL for passive listen address
family	Address family or AF_UNSPEC
service	Service name or port number

Return Value

List of addresses or NULL

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrLength

Return the length of the address in bytes.

int httpAddrLength(const http_addr_t *addr);

Parameters

addr	Address

Return Value

Length in bytes

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpAddrListen

Create a listening socket bound to the specified address and port.

int httpAddrListen(http_addr_t *addr, int port);

Parameters

addr	Address to bind to
port	Port number to bind to

Return Value

Socket or -1 on error

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrLocalhost

Check for the local loopback address.

int httpAddrLocalhost(const http_addr_t *addr);

Parameters

addr	Address to check

Return Value

1 if local host, 0 otherwise

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrLookup

Lookup the hostname associated with the address.

char *httpAddrLookup(const http_addr_t *addr, char *name, int namelen);

Parameters

addr	Address to lookup
name	Host name buffer
namelen	Size of name buffer

Return Value

Host name

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpAddrPort

Get the port number associated with an address.

int httpAddrPort(http_addr_t *addr);

Parameters

addr	Address

Return Value

Port number

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAddrString

Convert an address to a numeric string.

char *httpAddrString(const http_addr_t *addr, char *s, int slen);

Parameters

addr	Address to convert
s	String buffer
slen	Length of string

Return Value

Numeric address string

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAssembleURI

Assemble a uniform resource identifier from its components.

http_uri_status_t httpAssembleURI(http_uri_coding_t encoding, char *uri, int urilen, const char *scheme, const char *username, const char *host, int port, const char *resource);

Parameters

encoding	Encoding flags
uri	URI buffer
urilen	Size of URI buffer
scheme	Scheme name
username	Username
host	Hostname or address
port	Port number
resource	Resource

Return Value

URI status

Discussion

This function escapes reserved characters in the URI depending on the value of the "encoding" argument. You should use this function in place of traditional string functions whenever you need to create a URI string.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpAssembleURIf

Assemble a uniform resource identifier from its components with a formatted resource.

http_uri_status_t httpAssembleURIf(http_uri_coding_t encoding, char *uri, int urilen, const char *scheme, const char *username, const char *host, int port, const char *resourcef, ...);

Parameters

encoding	Encoding flags
uri	URI buffer
urilen	Size of URI buffer
scheme	Scheme name
username	Username
host	Hostname or address
port	Port number
resourcef	Printf-style resource
...	Additional arguments as needed

Return Value

URI status

Discussion

This function creates a formatted version of the resource string argument "resourcef" and escapes reserved characters in the URI depending on the value of the "encoding" argument. You should use this function in place of traditional string functions whenever you need to create a URI string.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpAssembleUUID

Assemble a name-based UUID URN conforming to RFC 4122.

char *httpAssembleUUID(const char *server, int port, const char *name, int number, char *buffer, size_t bufsize);

Parameters

server	Server name
port	Port number
name	Object name or NULL
number	Object number or 0
buffer	String buffer
bufsize	Size of buffer

Return Value

UUID string

Discussion

This function creates a unique 128-bit identifying number using the server name, port number, random data, and optionally an object name and/or object number. The result is formatted as a UUID URN as defined in RFC 4122.

The buffer needs to be at least 46 bytes in size.

httpBlocking

Set blocking/non-blocking behavior on a connection.

void httpBlocking(http_t *http, int b);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
b	1 = blocking, 0 = non-blocking

httpCheck

Check to see if there is a pending response from the server.

int httpCheck(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

0 = no data, 1 = data available

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 httpClearCookie

Clear the cookie value(s).

void httpClearCookie(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

httpClearFields

Clear HTTP request fields.

void httpClearFields(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

httpClose

Close an HTTP connection.

void httpClose(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpCompareCredentials

Compare two sets of X.509 credentials.

int httpCompareCredentials(cups_array_t *cred1, cups_array_t *cred2);

Parameters

cred1	First set of X.509 credentials
cred2	Second set of X.509 credentials

Return Value

1 if they match, 0 if they do not

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpConnect2

Connect to a HTTP server.

http_t *httpConnect2(const char *host, int port, http_addrlist_t *addrlist, int family, http_encryption_t encryption, int blocking, int msec, int *cancel);

Parameters

host	Host to connect to
port	Port number
addrlist	List of addresses or NULL to lookup
family	Address family to use or AF_UNSPEC for any
encryption	Type of encryption to use
blocking	1 for blocking connection, 0 for non-blocking
msec	Connection timeout in milliseconds, 0 means don't connect
cancel	Pointer to "cancel" variable

Return Value

New HTTP connection

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 httpCopyCredentials

Copy the credentials associated with the peer in an encrypted connection.

int httpCopyCredentials(http_t *http, cups_array_t **credentials);

Parameters

http	Connection to server
credentials	Array of credentials

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 httpCredentialsAreValidForName

Return whether the credentials are valid for the given name.

int httpCredentialsAreValidForName(cups_array_t *credentials, const char *common_name);

Parameters

credentials	Credentials
common_name	Name to check

Return Value

1 if valid, 0 otherwise

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 httpCredentialsGetExpiration

Return the expiration date of the credentials.

time_t httpCredentialsGetExpiration(cups_array_t *credentials);

Parameters

credentials	Credentials

Return Value

Expiration date of credentials

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 httpCredentialsGetTrust

Return the trust of credentials.

http_trust_t httpCredentialsGetTrust(cups_array_t *credentials, const char *common_name);

Parameters

credentials	Credentials
common_name	Common name for trust lookup

Return Value

Level of trust

 CUPS 2.0/macOS 10.10 httpCredentialsString

Return a string representing the credentials.

size_t httpCredentialsString(cups_array_t *credentials, char *buffer, size_t bufsize);

Parameters

credentials	Credentials
buffer	Buffer or NULL
bufsize	Size of buffer

Return Value

Total size of credentials string

 CUPS 1.1.21/macOS 10.4 httpDecode64_2

Base64-decode a string.

char *httpDecode64_2(char *out, int *outlen, const char *in);

Parameters

out	String to write to
outlen	Size of output string
in	String to read from

Return Value

Decoded string

Discussion

The caller must initialize "outlen" to the maximum size of the decoded string before calling httpDecode64_2. On return "outlen" contains the decoded length of the string.

httpDelete

Send a DELETE request to the server.

int httpDelete(http_t *http, const char *uri);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI to delete

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

 CUPS 1.1.21/macOS 10.4 httpEncode64_2

Base64-encode a string.

char *httpEncode64_2(char *out, int outlen, const char *in, int inlen);

Parameters

out	String to write to
outlen	Maximum size of output string
in	String to read from
inlen	Size of input string

Return Value

Encoded string

httpEncryption

Set the required encryption on the link.

int httpEncryption(http_t *http, http_encryption_t e);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
e	New encryption preference

Return Value

-1 on error, 0 on success

httpError

Get the last error on a connection.

int httpError(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Error code (errno) value

httpFieldValue

Return the HTTP field enumeration value for a field name.

http_field_t httpFieldValue(const char *name);

Parameters

name	String name

Return Value

Field index

httpFlush

Flush data read from a HTTP connection.

void httpFlush(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpFlushWrite

Flush data written to a HTTP connection.

int httpFlushWrite(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Bytes written or -1 on error

httpFreeCredentials

Free an array of credentials.

void httpFreeCredentials(cups_array_t *credentials);

Parameters

credentials	Array of credentials

httpGet

Send a GET request to the server.

int httpGet(http_t *http, const char *uri);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI to get

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetActivity

Get the most recent activity for a connection.

time_t httpGetActivity(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Time of last read or write

Discussion

The return value is the time in seconds of the last read or write.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetAddress

Get the address of the connected peer of a connection.

http_addr_t *httpGetAddress(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Connected address or NULL

Discussion

For connections created with httpConnect2, the address is for the server. For connections created with httpAccept, the address is for the client.

Returns NULL if the socket is currently unconnected.

 CUPS 1.3/macOS 10.5 httpGetAuthString

Get the current authorization string.

char *httpGetAuthString(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Authorization string

Discussion

The authorization string is set by cupsDoAuthentication and httpSetAuthString. Use httpGetAuthString to retrieve the string to use with httpSetField for the HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION value.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetBlocking

Get the blocking/non-block state of a connection.

int httpGetBlocking(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

1 if blocking, 0 if non-blocking

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpGetContentEncoding

Get a common content encoding, if any, between the client and server.

const char *httpGetContentEncoding(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Content-Coding value or NULL for the identity coding.

Discussion

This function uses the value of the Accepts-Encoding HTTP header and must be called after receiving a response from the server or a request from the client. The value returned can be use in subsequent requests (for clients) or in the response (for servers) in order to compress the content stream.

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 httpGetCookie

Get any cookie data from the response.

const char *httpGetCookie(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Cookie data or NULL

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetDateString2

Get a formatted date/time string from a time value.

const char *httpGetDateString2(time_t t, char *s, int slen);

Parameters

t	Time in seconds
s	String buffer
slen	Size of string buffer

Return Value

Date/time string

httpGetDateTime

Get a time value from a formatted date/time string.

time_t httpGetDateTime(const char *s);

Parameters

s	Date/time string

Return Value

Time in seconds

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetEncryption

Get the current encryption mode of a connection.

http_encryption_t httpGetEncryption(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Current encryption mode

Discussion

This function returns the encryption mode for the connection. Use the httpIsEncrypted function to determine whether a TLS session has been established.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpGetExpect

Get the value of the Expect header, if any.

http_status_t httpGetExpect(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Expect: status, if any

Discussion

Returns HTTP_STATUS_NONE if there is no Expect header, otherwise returns the expected HTTP status code, typically HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetFd

Get the file descriptor associated with a connection.

int httpGetFd(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

File descriptor or -1 if none

httpGetField

Get a field value from a request/response.

const char *httpGetField(http_t *http, http_field_t field);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
field	Field to get

Return Value

Field value

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetHostname

Get the FQDN for the connection or local system.

const char *httpGetHostname(http_t *http, char *s, int slen);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection or NULL
s	String buffer for name
slen	Size of buffer

Return Value

FQDN for connection or system

Discussion

When "http" points to a connected socket, return the hostname or address that was used in the call to httpConnect() or httpConnectEncrypt(), or the address of the client for the connection from httpAcceptConnection(). Otherwise, return the FQDN for the local system using both gethostname() and gethostbyname() to get the local hostname with domain.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetKeepAlive

Get the current Keep-Alive state of the connection.

http_keepalive_t httpGetKeepAlive(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Keep-Alive state

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetLength2

Get the amount of data remaining from the content-length or transfer-encoding fields.

off_t httpGetLength2(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Content length

Discussion

This function returns the complete content length, even for content larger than 2^31 - 1.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetPending

Get the number of bytes that are buffered for writing.

size_t httpGetPending(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Number of bytes buffered

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetReady

Get the number of bytes that can be read without blocking.

size_t httpGetReady(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Number of bytes available

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpGetRemaining

Get the number of remaining bytes in the message body or current chunk.

size_t httpGetRemaining(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Remaining bytes

Discussion

The httpIsChunked function can be used to determine whether the message body is chunked or fixed-length.

httpGetState

Get the current state of the HTTP request.

http_state_t httpGetState(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

HTTP state

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetStatus

Get the status of the last HTTP request.

http_status_t httpGetStatus(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

HTTP status

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpGetSubField2

Get a sub-field value.

char *httpGetSubField2(http_t *http, http_field_t field, const char *name, char *value, int valuelen);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
field	Field index
name	Name of sub-field
value	Value string
valuelen	Size of value buffer

Return Value

Value or NULL

httpGetVersion

Get the HTTP version at the other end.

http_version_t httpGetVersion(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Version number

httpGets

Get a line of text from a HTTP connection.

char *httpGets(char *line, int length, http_t *http);

Parameters

line	Line to read into
length	Max length of buffer
http	HTTP connection

Return Value

Line or NULL

httpHead

Send a HEAD request to the server.

int httpHead(http_t *http, const char *uri);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI for head

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

httpInitialize

Initialize the HTTP interface library and set the default HTTP proxy (if any).

void httpInitialize(void);

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpIsChunked

Report whether a message body is chunked.

int httpIsChunked(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

1 if chunked, 0 if not

Discussion

This function returns non-zero if the message body is composed of variable-length chunks.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpIsEncrypted

Report whether a connection is encrypted.

int httpIsEncrypted(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

1 if encrypted, 0 if not

Discussion

This function returns non-zero if the connection is currently encrypted.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpLoadCredentials

Load X.509 credentials from a keychain file.

int httpLoadCredentials(const char *path, cups_array_t **credentials, const char *common_name);

Parameters

path	Keychain path or NULL for default
credentials	Credentials
common_name	Common name for credentials

Return Value

0 on success, -1 on error

httpOptions

Send an OPTIONS request to the server.

int httpOptions(http_t *http, const char *uri);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI for options

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpPeek

Peek at data from a HTTP connection.

ssize_t httpPeek(http_t *http, char *buffer, size_t length);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
buffer	Buffer for data
length	Maximum number of bytes

Return Value

Number of bytes copied

Discussion

This function copies available data from the given HTTP connection, reading a buffer as needed. The data is still available for reading using httpRead2.

For non-blocking connections the usual timeouts apply.

httpPost

Send a POST request to the server.

int httpPost(http_t *http, const char *uri);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI for post

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

httpPut

Send a PUT request to the server.

int httpPut(http_t *http, const char *uri);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI to put

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpRead2

Read data from a HTTP connection.

ssize_t httpRead2(http_t *http, char *buffer, size_t length);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
buffer	Buffer for data
length	Maximum number of bytes

Return Value

Number of bytes read

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpReadRequest

Read a HTTP request from a connection.

http_state_t httpReadRequest(http_t *http, char *uri, size_t urilen);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
uri	URI buffer
urilen	Size of URI buffer

Return Value

New state of connection

httpReconnect2

Reconnect to a HTTP server with timeout and optional cancel.

int httpReconnect2(http_t *http, int msec, int *cancel);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
msec	Timeout in milliseconds
cancel	Pointer to "cancel" variable

Return Value

0 on success, non-zero on failure

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpResolveHostname

Resolve the hostname of the HTTP connection address.

const char *httpResolveHostname(http_t *http, char *buffer, size_t bufsize);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
buffer	Hostname buffer
bufsize	Size of buffer

Return Value

Resolved hostname or NULL

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpSaveCredentials

Save X.509 credentials to a keychain file.

int httpSaveCredentials(const char *path, cups_array_t *credentials, const char *common_name);

Parameters

path	Keychain path or NULL for default
credentials	Credentials
common_name	Common name for credentials

Return Value

-1 on error, 0 on success

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpSeparateURI

Separate a Universal Resource Identifier into its components.

http_uri_status_t httpSeparateURI(http_uri_coding_t decoding, const char *uri, char *scheme, int schemelen, char *username, int usernamelen, char *host, int hostlen, int *port, char *resource, int resourcelen);

Parameters

decoding	Decoding flags
uri	Universal Resource Identifier
scheme	Scheme (http, https, etc.)
schemelen	Size of scheme buffer
username	Username
usernamelen	Size of username buffer
host	Hostname
hostlen	Size of hostname buffer
port	Port number to use
resource	Resource/filename
resourcelen	Size of resource buffer

Return Value

Result of separation

 CUPS 1.3/macOS 10.5 httpSetAuthString

Set the current authorization string.

void httpSetAuthString(http_t *http, const char *scheme, const char *data);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
scheme	Auth scheme (NULL to clear it)
data	Auth data (NULL for none)

Discussion

This function just stores a copy of the current authorization string in the HTTP connection object. You must still call httpSetField to set HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION prior to issuing a HTTP request using httpGet, httpHead, httpOptions, httpPost, or httpPut.

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 httpSetCookie

Set the cookie value(s).

void httpSetCookie(http_t *http, const char *cookie);

Parameters

http	Connection
cookie	Cookie string

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 httpSetCredentials

Set the credentials associated with an encrypted connection.

int httpSetCredentials(http_t *http, cups_array_t *credentials);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
credentials	Array of credentials

Return Value

Status of call (0 = success)

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpSetDefaultField

Set the default value of an HTTP header.

void httpSetDefaultField(http_t *http, http_field_t field, const char *value);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
field	Field index
value	Value

Discussion

Currently only HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING, HTTP_FIELD_SERVER, and HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT can be set.

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpSetExpect

Set the Expect: header in a request.

void httpSetExpect(http_t *http, http_status_t expect);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
expect	HTTP status to expect (HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE)

Discussion

Currently only HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE is supported for the "expect" argument.

httpSetField

Set the value of an HTTP header.

void httpSetField(http_t *http, http_field_t field, const char *value);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
field	Field index
value	Value

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpSetKeepAlive

Set the current Keep-Alive state of a connection.

void httpSetKeepAlive(http_t *http, http_keepalive_t keep_alive);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
keep_alive	New Keep-Alive value

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpSetLength

Set the content-length and content-encoding.

void httpSetLength(http_t *http, size_t length);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
length	Length (0 for chunked)

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 httpSetTimeout

Set read/write timeouts and an optional callback.

void httpSetTimeout(http_t *http, double timeout, http_timeout_cb_t cb, void *user_data);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
timeout	Number of seconds for timeout, must be greater than 0
cb	Callback function or NULL
user_data	User data pointer

Discussion

The optional timeout callback receives both the HTTP connection and a user data pointer and must return 1 to continue or 0 to error (time) out.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpShutdown

Shutdown one side of an HTTP connection.

void httpShutdown(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpStateString

Return the string describing a HTTP state value.

const char *httpStateString(http_state_t state);

Parameters

state	HTTP state value

Return Value

State string

httpStatus

Return a short string describing a HTTP status code.

const char *httpStatus(http_status_t status);

Parameters

status	HTTP status code

Return Value

Localized status string

Discussion

The returned string is localized to the current POSIX locale and is based on the status strings defined in RFC 7231.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 httpURIStatusString

Return a string describing a URI status code.

const char *httpURIStatusString(http_uri_status_t status);

Parameters

status	URI status code

Return Value

Localized status string

httpUpdate

Update the current HTTP state for incoming data.

http_status_t httpUpdate(http_t *http);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection

Return Value

HTTP status

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 httpWait

Wait for data available on a connection.

int httpWait(http_t *http, int msec);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
msec	Milliseconds to wait

Return Value

1 if data is available, 0 otherwise

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 httpWrite2

Write data to a HTTP connection.

ssize_t httpWrite2(http_t *http, const char *buffer, size_t length);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
buffer	Buffer for data
length	Number of bytes to write

Return Value

Number of bytes written

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 httpWriteResponse

Write a HTTP response to a client connection.

int httpWriteResponse(http_t *http, http_status_t status);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
status	Status code

Return Value

0 on success, -1 on error

ippAddBoolean

Add a boolean attribute to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddBoolean(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, char value);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
value	Value of attribute

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

ippAddBooleans

Add an array of boolean values.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddBooleans(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, int num_values, const char *values);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
num_values	Number of values
values	Values

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 ippAddCollection

Add a collection value.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddCollection(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, ipp_t *value);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
value	Value

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 ippAddCollections

Add an array of collection values.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddCollections(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, int num_values, const ipp_t **values);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
num_values	Number of values
values	Values

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

ippAddDate

Add a dateTime attribute to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddDate(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, const ipp_uchar_t *value);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
value	Value

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

ippAddInteger

Add a integer attribute to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddInteger(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name, int value);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute
value	Value of attribute

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported values include enum (IPP_TAG_ENUM) and integer (IPP_TAG_INTEGER).

ippAddIntegers

Add an array of integer values.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddIntegers(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name, int num_values, const int *values);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute
num_values	Number of values
values	Values

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported values include enum (IPP_TAG_ENUM) and integer (IPP_TAG_INTEGER).

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippAddOctetString

Add an octetString value to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddOctetString(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, const void *data, int datalen);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
data	octetString data
datalen	Length of data in bytes

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippAddOutOfBand

Add an out-of-band value to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddOutOfBand(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported out-of-band values include unsupported-value (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_VALUE), default (IPP_TAG_DEFAULT), unknown (IPP_TAG_UNKNOWN), no-value (IPP_TAG_NOVALUE), not-settable (IPP_TAG_NOTSETTABLE), delete-attribute (IPP_TAG_DELETEATTR), and admin-define (IPP_TAG_ADMINDEFINE).

ippAddRange

Add a range of values to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddRange(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, int lower, int upper);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
lower	Lower value
upper	Upper value

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

The lower parameter must be less than or equal to the upper parameter.

ippAddRanges

Add ranges of values to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddRanges(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, int num_values, const int *lower, const int *upper);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
num_values	Number of values
lower	Lower values
upper	Upper values

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

ippAddResolution

Add a resolution value to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddResolution(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, ipp_res_t units, int xres, int yres);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
units	Units for resolution
xres	X resolution
yres	Y resolution

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

ippAddResolutions

Add resolution values to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddResolutions(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, const char *name, int num_values, ipp_res_t units, const int *xres, const int *yres);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
name	Name of attribute
num_values	Number of values
units	Units for resolution
xres	X resolutions
yres	Y resolutions

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

ippAddSeparator

Add a group separator to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddSeparator(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

ippAddString

Add a language-encoded string to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddString(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name, const char *language, const char *value);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute
language	Language code
value	Value

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported string values include charset (IPP_TAG_CHARSET), keyword (IPP_TAG_KEYWORD), language (IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE), mimeMediaType (IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE), name (IPP_TAG_NAME), nameWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_NAMELANG), text (code IPP_TAG_TEXT@), textWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG), uri (IPP_TAG_URI), and uriScheme (IPP_TAG_URISCHEME).

The language parameter must be non-NULL for nameWithLanguage and textWithLanguage string values and must be NULL for all other string values.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippAddStringf

Add a formatted string to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddStringf(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name, const char *language, const char *format, ...);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute
language	Language code (NULL for default)
format	Printf-style format string
...	Additional arguments as needed

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported string values include charset (IPP_TAG_CHARSET), keyword (IPP_TAG_KEYWORD), language (IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE), mimeMediaType (IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE), name (IPP_TAG_NAME), nameWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_NAMELANG), text (code IPP_TAG_TEXT@), textWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG), uri (IPP_TAG_URI), and uriScheme (IPP_TAG_URISCHEME).

The language parameter must be non-NULL for nameWithLanguage and textWithLanguage string values and must be NULL for all other string values.

The format parameter uses formatting characters compatible with the printf family of standard functions. Additional arguments follow it as needed. The formatted string is truncated as needed to the maximum length of the corresponding value type.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippAddStringfv

Add a formatted string to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddStringfv(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name, const char *language, const char *format, va_list ap);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute
language	Language code (NULL for default)
format	Printf-style format string
ap	Additional arguments

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported string values include charset (IPP_TAG_CHARSET), keyword (IPP_TAG_KEYWORD), language (IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE), mimeMediaType (IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE), name (IPP_TAG_NAME), nameWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_NAMELANG), text (code IPP_TAG_TEXT@), textWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG), uri (IPP_TAG_URI), and uriScheme (IPP_TAG_URISCHEME).

The language parameter must be non-NULL for nameWithLanguage and textWithLanguage string values and must be NULL for all other string values.

The format parameter uses formatting characters compatible with the printf family of standard functions. Additional arguments are passed in the stdarg pointer ap. The formatted string is truncated as needed to the maximum length of the corresponding value type.

ippAddStrings

Add language-encoded strings to an IPP message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippAddStrings(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_tag_t group, ipp_tag_t value_tag, const char *name, int num_values, const char *language, const char *const *values);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
group	IPP group
value_tag	Type of attribute
name	Name of attribute
num_values	Number of values
language	Language code (NULL for default)
values	Values

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

Supported string values include charset (IPP_TAG_CHARSET), keyword (IPP_TAG_KEYWORD), language (IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE), mimeMediaType (IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE), name (IPP_TAG_NAME), nameWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_NAMELANG), text (code IPP_TAG_TEXT@), textWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG), uri (IPP_TAG_URI), and uriScheme (IPP_TAG_URISCHEME).

The language parameter must be non-NULL for nameWithLanguage and textWithLanguage string values and must be NULL for all other string values.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippAttributeString

Convert the attribute's value to a string.

size_t ippAttributeString(ipp_attribute_t *attr, char *buffer, size_t bufsize);

Parameters

attr	Attribute
buffer	String buffer or NULL
bufsize	Size of string buffer

Return Value

Number of bytes less nul

Discussion

Returns the number of bytes that would be written, not including the trailing nul. The buffer pointer can be NULL to get the required length, just like (v)snprintf.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippContainsInteger

Determine whether an attribute contains the specified value or is within the list of ranges.

int ippContainsInteger(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int value);

Parameters

attr	Attribute
value	Integer/enum value

Return Value

1 on a match, 0 on no match

Discussion

Returns non-zero when the attribute contains either a matching integer or enum value, or the value falls within one of the rangeOfInteger values for the attribute.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippContainsString

Determine whether an attribute contains the specified string value.

int ippContainsString(ipp_attribute_t *attr, const char *value);

Parameters

attr	Attribute
value	String value

Return Value

1 on a match, 0 on no match

Discussion

Returns non-zero when the attribute contains a matching charset, keyword, naturalLanguage, mimeMediaType, name, text, uri, or uriScheme value.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippCopyAttribute

Copy an attribute.

ipp_attribute_t *ippCopyAttribute(ipp_t *dst, ipp_attribute_t *srcattr, int quickcopy);

Parameters

dst	Destination IPP message
srcattr	Attribute to copy
quickcopy	1 for a referenced copy, 0 for normal

Return Value

New attribute

Discussion

The specified attribute, attr, is copied to the destination IPP message. When quickcopy is non-zero, a "shallow" reference copy of the attribute is created - this should only be done as long as the original source IPP message will not be freed for the life of the destination.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippCopyAttributes

Copy attributes from one IPP message to another.

int ippCopyAttributes(ipp_t *dst, ipp_t *src, int quickcopy, ipp_copycb_t cb, void *context);

Parameters

dst	Destination IPP message
src	Source IPP message
quickcopy	1 for a referenced copy, 0 for normal
cb	Copy callback or NULL for none
context	Context pointer

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on error

Discussion

Zero or more attributes are copied from the source IPP message, src, to the destination IPP message, dst. When quickcopy is non-zero, a "shallow" reference copy of the attribute is created - this should only be done as long as the original source IPP message will not be freed for the life of the destination.

The cb and context parameters provide a generic way to "filter" the attributes that are copied - the function must return 1 to copy the attribute or 0 to skip it. The function may also choose to do a partial copy of the source attribute itself.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippCreateRequestedArray

Create a CUPS array of attribute names from the given requested-attributes attribute.

cups_array_t *ippCreateRequestedArray(ipp_t *request);

Parameters

request	IPP request

Return Value

CUPS array or NULL if all

Discussion

This function creates a (sorted) CUPS array of attribute names matching the list of "requested-attribute" values supplied in an IPP request. All IANA- registered values are supported in addition to the CUPS IPP extension attributes.

The request parameter specifies the request message that was read from the client. NULL is returned if all attributes should be returned. Otherwise, the result is a sorted array of attribute names, where cupsArrayFind(array, "attribute-name") will return a non-NULL pointer. The array must be freed using the cupsArrayDelete function.

ippDateToTime

Convert from RFC 2579 Date/Time format to time in seconds.

time_t ippDateToTime(const ipp_uchar_t *date);

Parameters

date	RFC 2579 date info

Return Value

UNIX time value

ippDelete

Delete an IPP message.

void ippDelete(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 ippDeleteAttribute

Delete a single attribute in an IPP message.

void ippDeleteAttribute(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t *attr);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	Attribute to delete

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippDeleteValues

Delete values in an attribute.

int ippDeleteValues(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, int count);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	Attribute
element	Index of first value to delete (0-based)
count	Number of values to delete

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The element parameter specifies the first value to delete, starting at 0. It must be less than the number of values returned by ippGetCount.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

Deleting all values in an attribute deletes the attribute.

ippEnumString

Return a string corresponding to the enum value.

const char *ippEnumString(const char *attrname, int enumvalue);

Parameters

attrname	Attribute name
enumvalue	Enum value

Return Value

Enum string

ippEnumValue

Return the value associated with a given enum string.

int ippEnumValue(const char *attrname, const char *enumstring);

Parameters

attrname	Attribute name
enumstring	Enum string

Return Value

Enum value or -1 if unknown

ippErrorString

Return a name for the given status code.

const char *ippErrorString(ipp_status_t error);

Parameters

error	Error status

Return Value

Text string

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippErrorValue

Return a status code for the given name.

ipp_status_t ippErrorValue(const char *name);

Parameters

name	Name

Return Value

IPP status code

ippFindAttribute

Find a named attribute in a request.

ipp_attribute_t *ippFindAttribute(ipp_t *ipp, const char *name, ipp_tag_t type);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
name	Name of attribute
type	Type of attribute

Return Value

Matching attribute

Discussion

Starting with CUPS 2.0, the attribute name can contain a hierarchical list of attribute and member names separated by slashes, for example "media-col/media-size".

ippFindNextAttribute

Find the next named attribute in a request.

ipp_attribute_t *ippFindNextAttribute(ipp_t *ipp, const char *name, ipp_tag_t type);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
name	Name of attribute
type	Type of attribute

Return Value

Matching attribute

Discussion

Starting with CUPS 2.0, the attribute name can contain a hierarchical list of attribute and member names separated by slashes, for example "media-col/media-size".

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippFirstAttribute

Return the first attribute in the message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippFirstAttribute(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

First attribute or NULL if none

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetBoolean

Get a boolean value for an attribute.

int ippGetBoolean(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)

Return Value

Boolean value or 0 on error

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetCollection

Get a collection value for an attribute.

ipp_t *ippGetCollection(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)

Return Value

Collection value or NULL on error

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetCount

Get the number of values in an attribute.

int ippGetCount(ipp_attribute_t *attr);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute

Return Value

Number of values or 0 on error

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetDate

Get a dateTime value for an attribute.

const ipp_uchar_t *ippGetDate(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)

Return Value

dateTime value or NULL

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetGroupTag

Get the group associated with an attribute.

ipp_tag_t ippGetGroupTag(ipp_attribute_t *attr);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute

Return Value

Group tag or IPP_TAG_ZERO on error

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetInteger

Get the integer/enum value for an attribute.

int ippGetInteger(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)

Return Value

Value or 0 on error

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetName

Get the attribute name.

const char *ippGetName(ipp_attribute_t *attr);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute

Return Value

Attribute name or NULL for separators

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippGetOctetString

Get an octetString value from an IPP attribute.

void *ippGetOctetString(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element, int *datalen);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
datalen	Length of octetString data

Return Value

Pointer to octetString data

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetOperation

Get the operation ID in an IPP message.

ipp_op_t ippGetOperation(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP request message

Return Value

Operation ID or 0 on error

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetRange

Get a rangeOfInteger value from an attribute.

int ippGetRange(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element, int *uppervalue);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
uppervalue	Upper value of range

Return Value

Lower value of range or 0

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetRequestId

Get the request ID from an IPP message.

int ippGetRequestId(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

Request ID or 0 on error

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetResolution

Get a resolution value for an attribute.

int ippGetResolution(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element, int *yres, ipp_res_t *units);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
yres	Vertical/feed resolution
units	Units for resolution

Return Value

Horizontal/cross feed resolution or 0

Discussion

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetState

Get the IPP message state.

ipp_state_t ippGetState(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

IPP message state value

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetStatusCode

Get the status code from an IPP response or event message.

ipp_status_t ippGetStatusCode(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP response or event message

Return Value

Status code in IPP message

ippGetString

const char *ippGetString(ipp_attribute_t *attr, int element, const char **language);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
language	Language code (NULL for don't care)

Return Value

Get the string and optionally the language code for an attribute.

The element parameter specifies which value to get from 0 to ippGetCount(attr) - 1.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetValueTag

Get the value tag for an attribute.

ipp_tag_t ippGetValueTag(ipp_attribute_t *attr);

Parameters

attr	IPP attribute

Return Value

Value tag or IPP_TAG_ZERO on error

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippGetVersion

Get the major and minor version number from an IPP message.

int ippGetVersion(ipp_t *ipp, int *minor);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
minor	Minor version number or NULL for don't care

Return Value

Major version number or 0 on error

ippLength

Compute the length of an IPP message.

size_t ippLength(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

Size of IPP message

ippNew

Allocate a new IPP message.

ipp_t *ippNew(void);

Return Value

New IPP message

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippNewRequest

Allocate a new IPP request message.

ipp_t *ippNewRequest(ipp_op_t op);

Parameters

op	Operation code

Return Value

IPP request message

Discussion

The new request message is initialized with the "attributes-charset" and "attributes-natural-language" attributes added. The "attributes-natural-language" value is derived from the current locale.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippNewResponse

Allocate a new IPP response message.

ipp_t *ippNewResponse(ipp_t *request);

Parameters

request	IPP request message

Return Value

IPP response message

Discussion

The new response message is initialized with the same "version-number", "request-id", "attributes-charset", and "attributes-natural-language" as the provided request message. If the "attributes-charset" or "attributes-natural-language" attributes are missing from the request, 'utf-8' and a value derived from the current locale are substituted, respectively.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippNextAttribute

Return the next attribute in the message.

ipp_attribute_t *ippNextAttribute(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

Next attribute or NULL if none

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippOpString

Return a name for the given operation id.

const char *ippOpString(ipp_op_t op);

Parameters

op	Operation ID

Return Value

Name

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippOpValue

Return an operation id for the given name.

ipp_op_t ippOpValue(const char *name);

Parameters

name	Textual name

Return Value

Operation ID

ippPort

Return the default IPP port number.

int ippPort(void);

Return Value

Port number

ippRead

Read data for an IPP message from a HTTP connection.

ipp_state_t ippRead(http_t *http, ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
ipp	IPP data

Return Value

Current state

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 ippReadFile

Read data for an IPP message from a file.

ipp_state_t ippReadFile(int fd, ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

fd	HTTP data
ipp	IPP data

Return Value

Current state

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippReadIO

Read data for an IPP message.

ipp_state_t ippReadIO(void *src, ipp_iocb_t cb, int blocking, ipp_t *parent, ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

src	Data source
cb	Read callback function
blocking	Use blocking IO?
parent	Parent request, if any
ipp	IPP data

Return Value

Current state

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetBoolean

Set a boolean value in an attribute.

int ippSetBoolean(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, int boolvalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
boolvalue	Boolean value

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetCollection

Set a collection value in an attribute.

int ippSetCollection(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, ipp_t *colvalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
colvalue	Collection value

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetDate

Set a dateTime value in an attribute.

int ippSetDate(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, const ipp_uchar_t *datevalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
datevalue	dateTime value

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetGroupTag

Set the group tag of an attribute.

int ippSetGroupTag(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, ipp_tag_t group_tag);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	Attribute
group_tag	Group tag

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The group parameter specifies the IPP attribute group tag: none (IPP_TAG_ZERO, for member attributes), document (IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT), event notification (IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION), operation (IPP_TAG_OPERATION), printer (IPP_TAG_PRINTER), subscription (IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION), or unsupported (IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetInteger

Set an integer or enum value in an attribute.

int ippSetInteger(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, int intvalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
intvalue	Integer/enum value

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetName

Set the name of an attribute.

int ippSetName(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, const char *name);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
name	Attribute name

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippSetOctetString

Set an octetString value in an IPP attribute.

int ippSetOctetString(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, const void *data, int datalen);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
data	Pointer to octetString data
datalen	Length of octetString data

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetOperation

Set the operation ID in an IPP request message.

int ippSetOperation(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_op_t op);

Parameters

ipp	IPP request message
op	Operation ID

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

ippSetPort

Set the default port number.

void ippSetPort(int p);

Parameters

p	Port number to use

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetRange

Set a rangeOfInteger value in an attribute.

int ippSetRange(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, int lowervalue, int uppervalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
lowervalue	Lower bound for range
uppervalue	Upper bound for range

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetRequestId

Set the request ID in an IPP message.

int ippSetRequestId(ipp_t *ipp, int request_id);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
request_id	Request ID

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The request_id parameter must be greater than 0.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetResolution

Set a resolution value in an attribute.

int ippSetResolution(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, ipp_res_t unitsvalue, int xresvalue, int yresvalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
unitsvalue	Resolution units
xresvalue	Horizontal/cross feed resolution
yresvalue	Vertical/feed resolution

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetState

Set the current state of the IPP message.

int ippSetState(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_state_t state);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
state	IPP state value

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetStatusCode

Set the status code in an IPP response or event message.

int ippSetStatusCode(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_status_t status);

Parameters

ipp	IPP response or event message
status	Status code

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetString

Set a string value in an attribute.

int ippSetString(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, const char *strvalue);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
strvalue	String value

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippSetStringf

Set a formatted string value of an attribute.

int ippSetStringf(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, const char *format, ...);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
format	Printf-style format string
...	Additional arguments as needed

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

The format parameter uses formatting characters compatible with the printf family of standard functions. Additional arguments follow it as needed. The formatted string is truncated as needed to the maximum length of the corresponding value type.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippSetStringfv

Set a formatted string value of an attribute.

int ippSetStringfv(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, int element, const char *format, va_list ap);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
element	Value number (0-based)
format	Printf-style format string
ap	Pointer to additional arguments

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

The element parameter specifies which value to set from 0 to ippGetCount(attr).

The format parameter uses formatting characters compatible with the printf family of standard functions. Additional arguments follow it as needed. The formatted string is truncated as needed to the maximum length of the corresponding value type.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetValueTag

Set the value tag of an attribute.

int ippSetValueTag(ipp_t *ipp, ipp_attribute_t **attr, ipp_tag_t value_tag);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
attr	IPP attribute
value_tag	Value tag

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The attr parameter may be modified as a result of setting the value.

Integer (IPP_TAG_INTEGER) values can be promoted to rangeOfInteger (IPP_TAG_RANGE) values, the various string tags can be promoted to name (IPP_TAG_NAME) or nameWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_NAMELANG) values, text (IPP_TAG_TEXT) values can be promoted to textWithLanguage (IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG) values, and all values can be demoted to the various out-of-band value tags such as no-value (IPP_TAG_NOVALUE). All other changes will be rejected.

Promoting a string attribute to nameWithLanguage or textWithLanguage adds the language code in the "attributes-natural-language" attribute or, if not present, the language code for the current locale.

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ippSetVersion

Set the version number in an IPP message.

int ippSetVersion(ipp_t *ipp, int major, int minor);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message
major	Major version number (major.minor)
minor	Minor version number (major.minor)

Return Value

1 on success, 0 on failure

Discussion

The ipp parameter refers to an IPP message previously created using the ippNew, ippNewRequest, or ippNewResponse functions.

The valid version numbers are currently 1.0, 1.1, 2.0, 2.1, and 2.2.

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 ippStateString

Return the name corresponding to a state value.

const char *ippStateString(ipp_state_t state);

Parameters

state	State value

Return Value

State name

 CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6 ippTagString

Return the tag name corresponding to a tag value.

const char *ippTagString(ipp_tag_t tag);

Parameters

tag	Tag value

Return Value

Tag name

Discussion

The returned names are defined in RFC 8011 and the IANA IPP Registry.

 CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6 ippTagValue

Return the tag value corresponding to a tag name.

ipp_tag_t ippTagValue(const char *name);

Parameters

name	Tag name

Return Value

Tag value

Discussion

The tag names are defined in RFC 8011 and the IANA IPP Registry.

ippTimeToDate

Convert from time in seconds to RFC 2579 format.

const ipp_uchar_t *ippTimeToDate(time_t t);

Parameters

t	Time in seconds

Return Value

RFC-2579 date/time data

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippValidateAttribute

Validate the contents of an attribute.

int ippValidateAttribute(ipp_attribute_t *attr);

Parameters

attr	Attribute

Return Value

1 if valid, 0 otherwise

Discussion

This function validates the contents of an attribute based on the name and value tag. 1 is returned if the attribute is valid, 0 otherwise. On failure, cupsLastErrorString is set to a human-readable message.

 CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9 ippValidateAttributes

Validate all attributes in an IPP message.

int ippValidateAttributes(ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

ipp	IPP message

Return Value

1 if valid, 0 otherwise

Discussion

This function validates the contents of the IPP message, including each attribute. Like ippValidateAttribute, cupsLastErrorString is set to a human-readable message on failure.

ippWrite

Write data for an IPP message to a HTTP connection.

ipp_state_t ippWrite(http_t *http, ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

http	HTTP connection
ipp	IPP data

Return Value

Current state

 CUPS 1.1.19/macOS 10.3 ippWriteFile

Write data for an IPP message to a file.

ipp_state_t ippWriteFile(int fd, ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

fd	HTTP data
ipp	IPP data

Return Value

Current state

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ippWriteIO

Write data for an IPP message.

ipp_state_t ippWriteIO(void *dst, ipp_iocb_t cb, int blocking, ipp_t *parent, ipp_t *ipp);

Parameters

dst	Destination
cb	Write callback function
blocking	Use blocking IO?
parent	Parent IPP message
ipp	IPP data

Return Value

Current state

Data Types

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 cups_client_cert_cb_t

Client credentials callback

typedef int(*)(http_t *http, void *tls, cups_array_t *distinguished_names, void *user_data)cups_client_cert_cb_t;

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cups_dest_cb_t

Destination enumeration callback

typedef int(*)(void *user_data, unsigned flags, cups_dest_t *dest)cups_dest_cb_t;

cups_dest_t

Destination

typedef struct cups_dest_s cups_dest_t;

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cups_dinfo_t

Destination capability and status information

typedef struct _cups_dinfo_s cups_dinfo_t;

cups_job_t

Job

typedef struct cups_job_s cups_job_t;

cups_option_t

Printer Options

typedef struct cups_option_s cups_option_t;

 CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6 cups_password_cb2_t

New password callback

typedef const char *(*)(const char *prompt, http_t *http, const char *method, const char *resource, void *user_data)cups_password_cb2_t;

cups_ptype_t

Printer type/capability bits

typedef unsigned cups_ptype_t;

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 cups_server_cert_cb_t

Server credentials callback

typedef int(*)(http_t *http, void *tls, cups_array_t *certs, void *user_data)cups_server_cert_cb_t;

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cups_size_t

Media Size

typedef struct cups_size_s cups_size_t;

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 http_addr_t

Socket address union, which makes using IPv6 and other address types easier and more portable.

typedef union _http_addr_u / http_addr_t;

http_encoding_t

HTTP transfer encoding values

typedef enum http_encoding_e http_encoding_t;

http_encryption_t

HTTP encryption values

typedef enum http_encryption_e http_encryption_t;

http_field_t

HTTP field names

typedef enum http_field_e http_field_t;

http_keepalive_t

HTTP keep-alive values

typedef enum http_keepalive_e http_keepalive_t;

http_state_t

HTTP state values; states are server-oriented...

typedef enum http_state_e http_state_t;

http_t

HTTP connection type

typedef struct _http_s http_t;

 CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7 http_timeout_cb_t

HTTP timeout callback

typedef int(*)(http_t *http, void *user_data)http_timeout_cb_t;

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 http_trust_t

Level of trust for credentials

typedef enum http_trust_e http_trust_t;

http_uri_coding_t

URI en/decode flags

typedef enum http_uri_coding_e http_uri_coding_t;

 CUPS 1.2 http_uri_status_t

URI separation status

typedef enum http_uri_status_e http_uri_status_t;

ipp_attribute_t

IPP attribute

typedef struct _ipp_attribute_s ipp_attribute_t;

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 ipp_copycb_t

ippCopyAttributes callback function

typedef int(*)(void *context, ipp_t *dst, ipp_attribute_t *attr)ipp_copycb_t;

 CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5 ipp_iocb_t

ippReadIO/ippWriteIO callback function

typedef ssize_t(*)(void *context, ipp_uchar_t *buffer, size_t bytes) ipp_iocb_t;

ipp_orient_t

Orientation values

typedef enum ipp_orient_e ipp_orient_t;

ipp_pstate_t

Printer state values

typedef enum ipp_pstate_e ipp_pstate_t;

ipp_quality_t

Print quality values

typedef enum ipp_quality_e ipp_quality_t;

ipp_res_t

Resolution units

typedef enum ipp_res_e ipp_res_t;

ipp_rstate_t

resource-state values

typedef enum ipp_rstate_e ipp_rstate_t;

ipp_sstate_t

system-state values

typedef enum ipp_sstate_e ipp_sstate_t;

ipp_state_t

ipp_t state values

typedef enum ipp_state_e ipp_state_t;

ipp_t

IPP request/response data

typedef struct _ipp_s ipp_t;

Structures

cups_dest_s

Destination

struct cups_dest_s {
    char *name, *instance;
    int is_default;
    int num_options;
    cups_option_t *options;
};

Members

instance	Local instance name or NULL
is_default	Is this printer the default?
num_options	Number of options
options	Options

cups_job_s

Job

struct cups_job_s {
    time_t completed_time;
    time_t creation_time;
    char *dest;
    char *format;
    int id;
    int priority;
    time_t processing_time;
    int size;
    ipp_jstate_t state;
    char *title;
    char *user;
};

Members

completed_time	Time the job was completed
creation_time	Time the job was created
dest	Printer or class name
format	Document format
id	The job ID
priority	Priority (1-100)
processing_time	Time the job was processed
size	Size in kilobytes
state	Job state
title	Title/job name
user	User that submitted the job

cups_option_s

Printer Options

struct cups_option_s {
    char *name;
    char *value;
};

Members

name	Name of option
value	Value of option

 CUPS 1.6/macOS 10.8 cups_size_s

Media Size

struct cups_size_s {
    char media[128];
    int width, length, bottom, left, right, top;
};

Members

media[128]	Media name to use
top	Top margin in hundredths of millimeters

Constants

cups_ptype_e

Printer type/capability bit constants

Constants

CUPS_PRINTER_AUTHENTICATED  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Printer requires authentication
CUPS_PRINTER_BIND	Can bind output
CUPS_PRINTER_BW	Can do B&W printing
CUPS_PRINTER_CLASS	Printer class
CUPS_PRINTER_COLLATE	Can quickly collate copies
CUPS_PRINTER_COLOR	Can do color printing
CUPS_PRINTER_COMMANDS  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Printer supports maintenance commands
CUPS_PRINTER_COPIES	Can do copies in hardware
CUPS_PRINTER_COVER	Can cover output
CUPS_PRINTER_DEFAULT	Default printer on network
CUPS_PRINTER_DISCOVERED  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Printer was discovered
CUPS_PRINTER_DUPLEX	Can do two-sided printing
CUPS_PRINTER_FAX	Fax queue
CUPS_PRINTER_LARGE	Can print on D/E/A1/A0-size media
CUPS_PRINTER_LOCAL	Local printer or class
CUPS_PRINTER_MEDIUM	Can print on Tabloid/B/C/A3/A2-size media
CUPS_PRINTER_NOT_SHARED  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Printer is not shared
CUPS_PRINTER_PUNCH	Can punch output
CUPS_PRINTER_REJECTING	Printer is rejecting jobs
CUPS_PRINTER_REMOTE	Remote printer or class
CUPS_PRINTER_SMALL	Can print on Letter/Legal/A4-size media
CUPS_PRINTER_SORT	Can sort output
CUPS_PRINTER_STAPLE	Can staple output
CUPS_PRINTER_VARIABLE	Can print on rolls and custom-size media

http_encoding_e

HTTP transfer encoding values

Constants

HTTP_ENCODING_CHUNKED	Data is chunked
HTTP_ENCODING_FIELDS	Sending HTTP fields
HTTP_ENCODING_LENGTH	Data is sent with Content-Length

http_encryption_e

HTTP encryption values

Constants

HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS	Always encrypt (SSL)
HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED	Encrypt if requested (TLS upgrade)
HTTP_ENCRYPTION_NEVER	Never encrypt
HTTP_ENCRYPTION_REQUIRED	Encryption is required (TLS upgrade)

http_field_e

HTTP field names

Constants

HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_ENCODING  CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9	Accepting-Encoding field
HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE	Accept-Language field
HTTP_FIELD_ACCEPT_RANGES	Accept-Ranges field
HTTP_FIELD_ALLOW  CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9	Allow field
HTTP_FIELD_AUTHENTICATION_INFO  CUPS 2.2.9)	Authentication-Info field (
HTTP_FIELD_AUTHORIZATION	Authorization field
HTTP_FIELD_CONNECTION	Connection field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_ENCODING	Content-Encoding field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LANGUAGE	Content-Language field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LENGTH	Content-Length field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_LOCATION	Content-Location field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_MD5	Content-MD5 field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_RANGE	Content-Range field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_TYPE	Content-Type field
HTTP_FIELD_CONTENT_VERSION	Content-Version field
HTTP_FIELD_DATE	Date field
HTTP_FIELD_HOST	Host field
HTTP_FIELD_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE	If-Modified-Since field
HTTP_FIELD_IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE	If-Unmodified-Since field
HTTP_FIELD_KEEP_ALIVE	Keep-Alive field
HTTP_FIELD_LAST_MODIFIED	Last-Modified field
HTTP_FIELD_LINK	Link field
HTTP_FIELD_LOCATION	Location field
HTTP_FIELD_MAX	Maximum field index
HTTP_FIELD_RANGE	Range field
HTTP_FIELD_REFERER	Referer field
HTTP_FIELD_RETRY_AFTER	Retry-After field
HTTP_FIELD_SERVER  CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9	Server field
HTTP_FIELD_TRANSFER_ENCODING	Transfer-Encoding field
HTTP_FIELD_UNKNOWN	Unknown field
HTTP_FIELD_UPGRADE	Upgrade field
HTTP_FIELD_USER_AGENT	User-Agent field
HTTP_FIELD_WWW_AUTHENTICATE	WWW-Authenticate field

http_keepalive_e

HTTP keep-alive values

Constants

HTTP_KEEPALIVE_OFF	No keep alive support
HTTP_KEEPALIVE_ON	Use keep alive

http_state_e

HTTP state values; states are server-oriented...

Constants

HTTP_STATE_CONNECT	CONNECT command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_DELETE	DELETE command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_ERROR	Error on socket
HTTP_STATE_GET	GET command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_GET_SEND	GET command, sending data
HTTP_STATE_HEAD	HEAD command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_OPTIONS	OPTIONS command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_POST	POST command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_POST_RECV	POST command, receiving data
HTTP_STATE_POST_SEND	POST command, sending data
HTTP_STATE_PUT	PUT command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_PUT_RECV	PUT command, receiving data
HTTP_STATE_STATUS	Command complete, sending status
HTTP_STATE_TRACE	TRACE command, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_UNKNOWN_METHOD  CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9	Unknown request method, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_UNKNOWN_VERSION  CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9	Unknown request method, waiting for blank line
HTTP_STATE_WAITING	Waiting for command

http_status_e

HTTP status codes

Constants

HTTP_STATUS_ACCEPTED	DELETE command was successful
HTTP_STATUS_BAD_GATEWAY	Bad gateway
HTTP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST	Bad request
HTTP_STATUS_CONFLICT	Request is self-conflicting
HTTP_STATUS_CONTINUE	Everything OK, keep going...
HTTP_STATUS_CREATED	PUT command was successful
HTTP_STATUS_CUPS_AUTHORIZATION_CANCELED  CUPS 1.4	User canceled authorization
HTTP_STATUS_CUPS_PKI_ERROR  CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7	Error negotiating a secure connection
HTTP_STATUS_ERROR	An error response from httpXxxx()
HTTP_STATUS_EXPECTATION_FAILED	The expectation given in an Expect header field was not met
HTTP_STATUS_FORBIDDEN	Forbidden to access this URI
HTTP_STATUS_FOUND	Document was found at a different URI
HTTP_STATUS_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT	Gateway connection timed out
HTTP_STATUS_GONE	Server has gone away
HTTP_STATUS_LENGTH_REQUIRED	A content length or encoding is required
HTTP_STATUS_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED	Method is not allowed
HTTP_STATUS_MOVED_PERMANENTLY	Document has moved permanently
HTTP_STATUS_MULTIPLE_CHOICES	Multiple files match request
HTTP_STATUS_NONE  CUPS 1.7/macOS 10.9	No Expect value
HTTP_STATUS_NOT_ACCEPTABLE	Not Acceptable
HTTP_STATUS_NOT_AUTHORITATIVE	Information isn't authoritative
HTTP_STATUS_NOT_FOUND	URI was not found
HTTP_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED	Feature not implemented
HTTP_STATUS_NOT_MODIFIED	File not modified
HTTP_STATUS_NOT_SUPPORTED	HTTP version not supported
HTTP_STATUS_NO_CONTENT	Successful command, no new data
HTTP_STATUS_OK	OPTIONS/GET/HEAD/POST/TRACE command was successful
HTTP_STATUS_PARTIAL_CONTENT	Only a partial file was received/sent
HTTP_STATUS_PAYMENT_REQUIRED	Payment required
HTTP_STATUS_PRECONDITION	Precondition failed
HTTP_STATUS_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION	Proxy Authentication is Required
HTTP_STATUS_REQUESTED_RANGE	The requested range is not satisfiable
HTTP_STATUS_REQUEST_TIMEOUT	Request timed out
HTTP_STATUS_REQUEST_TOO_LARGE	Request entity too large
HTTP_STATUS_RESET_CONTENT	Content was reset/recreated
HTTP_STATUS_SEE_OTHER	See this other link
HTTP_STATUS_SERVER_ERROR	Internal server error
HTTP_STATUS_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE	Service is unavailable
HTTP_STATUS_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS	HTTP upgrade to TLS/SSL
HTTP_STATUS_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT	Temporary redirection
HTTP_STATUS_UNAUTHORIZED	Unauthorized to access host
HTTP_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIATYPE	The requested media type is unsupported
HTTP_STATUS_UPGRADE_REQUIRED	Upgrade to SSL/TLS required
HTTP_STATUS_URI_TOO_LONG	URI too long
HTTP_STATUS_USE_PROXY	Must use a proxy to access this URI

 CUPS 2.0/OS 10.10 http_trust_e

Level of trust for credentials

Constants

HTTP_TRUST_CHANGED	Credentials have changed
HTTP_TRUST_EXPIRED	Credentials are expired
HTTP_TRUST_INVALID	Credentials are invalid
HTTP_TRUST_OK	Credentials are OK/trusted
HTTP_TRUST_RENEWED	Credentials have been renewed
HTTP_TRUST_UNKNOWN	Credentials are unknown/new

http_uri_coding_e

URI en/decode flags

Constants

HTTP_URI_CODING_ALL	En/decode everything
HTTP_URI_CODING_HOSTNAME	En/decode the hostname portion
HTTP_URI_CODING_MOST	En/decode all but the query
HTTP_URI_CODING_NONE	Don't en/decode anything
HTTP_URI_CODING_QUERY	En/decode the query portion
HTTP_URI_CODING_RESOURCE	En/decode the resource portion
HTTP_URI_CODING_RFC6874	Use RFC 6874 address format
HTTP_URI_CODING_USERNAME	En/decode the username portion

 CUPS 1.2 http_uri_status_e

URI separation status

Constants

HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_ARGUMENTS	Bad arguments to function (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_HOSTNAME	Bad hostname in URI (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_PORT	Bad port number in URI (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_RESOURCE	Bad resource in URI (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_SCHEME	Bad scheme in URI (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_URI	Bad/empty URI (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_BAD_USERNAME	Bad username in URI (error)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_MISSING_RESOURCE	Missing resource in URI (warning)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_MISSING_SCHEME	Missing scheme in URI (warning)
HTTP_URI_STATUS_OK	URI decoded OK
HTTP_URI_STATUS_OVERFLOW	URI buffer for httpAssembleURI is too small
HTTP_URI_STATUS_UNKNOWN_SCHEME	Unknown scheme in URI (warning)

ipp_finishings_e

Finishings values

Constants

IPP_FINISHINGS_BALE	Bale (any type)
IPP_FINISHINGS_BIND	Bind
IPP_FINISHINGS_BIND_BOTTOM	Bind on bottom
IPP_FINISHINGS_BIND_LEFT	Bind on left
IPP_FINISHINGS_BIND_RIGHT	Bind on right
IPP_FINISHINGS_BIND_TOP	Bind on top
IPP_FINISHINGS_BOOKLET_MAKER	Fold to make booklet
IPP_FINISHINGS_COAT	Apply protective liquid or powder coating
IPP_FINISHINGS_COVER	Add cover
IPP_FINISHINGS_EDGE_STITCH	Stitch along any side
IPP_FINISHINGS_EDGE_STITCH_BOTTOM	Stitch along bottom edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_EDGE_STITCH_LEFT	Stitch along left side
IPP_FINISHINGS_EDGE_STITCH_RIGHT	Stitch along right side
IPP_FINISHINGS_EDGE_STITCH_TOP	Stitch along top edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD	Fold (any type)
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_ACCORDION	Accordion-fold the paper vertically into four sections
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_DOUBLE_GATE	Fold the top and bottom quarters of the paper towards the midline, then fold in half vertically
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_ENGINEERING_Z	Fold the paper vertically into two small sections and one larger, forming an elongated Z
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_GATE	Fold the top and bottom quarters of the paper towards the midline
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_HALF	Fold the paper in half vertically
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_HALF_Z	Fold the paper in half horizontally, then Z-fold the paper vertically
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_LEFT_GATE	Fold the top quarter of the paper towards the midline
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_LETTER	Fold the paper into three sections vertically; sometimes also known as a C fold
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_PARALLEL	Fold the paper in half vertically two times, yielding four sections
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_POSTER	Fold the paper in half horizontally and vertically; sometimes also called a cross fold
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_RIGHT_GATE	Fold the bottom quarter of the paper towards the midline
IPP_FINISHINGS_FOLD_Z	Fold the paper vertically into three sections, forming a Z
IPP_FINISHINGS_JOG_OFFSET	Offset for binding (any type)
IPP_FINISHINGS_LAMINATE	Apply protective (solid) material
IPP_FINISHINGS_NONE	No finishing
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH	Punch (any location/count)
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_BOTTOM_LEFT	Punch 1 hole bottom left
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_BOTTOM_RIGHT	Punch 1 hole bottom right
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_DUAL_BOTTOM	Punch 2 holes bottom edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_DUAL_LEFT	Punch 2 holes left side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_DUAL_RIGHT	Punch 2 holes right side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_DUAL_TOP	Punch 2 holes top edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_MULTIPLE_BOTTOM	Punch multiple holes bottom edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_MULTIPLE_LEFT	Punch multiple holes left side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_MULTIPLE_RIGHT	Punch multiple holes right side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_MULTIPLE_TOP	Punch multiple holes top edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_QUAD_BOTTOM	Punch 4 holes bottom edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_QUAD_LEFT	Punch 4 holes left side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_QUAD_RIGHT	Punch 4 holes right side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_QUAD_TOP	Punch 4 holes top edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_TOP_LEFT	Punch 1 hole top left
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_TOP_RIGHT	Punch 1 hole top right
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_TRIPLE_BOTTOM	Punch 3 holes bottom edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_TRIPLE_LEFT	Punch 3 holes left side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_TRIPLE_RIGHT	Punch 3 holes right side
IPP_FINISHINGS_PUNCH_TRIPLE_TOP	Punch 3 holes top edge
IPP_FINISHINGS_SADDLE_STITCH	Staple interior
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE	Staple (any location/method)
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_BOTTOM_LEFT	Staple bottom left corner
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_BOTTOM_RIGHT	Staple bottom right corner
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_DUAL_BOTTOM	Two staples on bottom
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_DUAL_LEFT	Two staples on left
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_DUAL_RIGHT	Two staples on right
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_DUAL_TOP	Two staples on top
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_TOP_LEFT	Staple top left corner
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_TOP_RIGHT	Staple top right corner
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_TRIPLE_BOTTOM	Three staples on bottom
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_TRIPLE_LEFT	Three staples on left
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_TRIPLE_RIGHT	Three staples on right
IPP_FINISHINGS_STAPLE_TRIPLE_TOP	Three staples on top
IPP_FINISHINGS_TRIM	Trim (any type)
IPP_FINISHINGS_TRIM_AFTER_COPIES	Trim output after each copy
IPP_FINISHINGS_TRIM_AFTER_DOCUMENTS	Trim output after each document
IPP_FINISHINGS_TRIM_AFTER_JOB	Trim output after job
IPP_FINISHINGS_TRIM_AFTER_PAGES	Trim output after each page

ipp_jstate_e

Job states

Constants

IPP_JSTATE_ABORTED	Job has aborted due to error
IPP_JSTATE_CANCELED	Job has been canceled
IPP_JSTATE_COMPLETED	Job has completed successfully
IPP_JSTATE_HELD	Job is held for printing
IPP_JSTATE_PENDING	Job is waiting to be printed
IPP_JSTATE_PROCESSING	Job is currently printing
IPP_JSTATE_STOPPED	Job has been stopped

ipp_op_e

IPP operations

Constants

IPP_OP_ALLOCATE_PRINTER_RESOURCES	Allocate-Printer-Resources: Use resources for a printer.
IPP_OP_CANCEL_CURRENT_JOB	Cancel-Current-Job: Cancel the current job
IPP_OP_CANCEL_JOB	Cancel-Job: Cancel a job
IPP_OP_CANCEL_JOBS	Cancel-Jobs: Cancel all jobs (administrative)
IPP_OP_CANCEL_MY_JOBS	Cancel-My-Jobs: Cancel a user's jobs
IPP_OP_CANCEL_RESOURCE	Cancel-Resource: Uninstall a resource.
IPP_OP_CANCEL_SUBSCRIPTION  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Cancel-Subscription: Cancel a subscription
IPP_OP_CLOSE_JOB	Close-Job: Close a job and start printing
IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB	Create-Job: Create an empty print job
IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB_SUBSCRIPTIONS  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Create-Job-Subscriptions: Create one of more job subscriptions
IPP_OP_CREATE_PRINTER	Create-Printer: Create a new service.
IPP_OP_CREATE_PRINTER_SUBSCRIPTIONS  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Create-Printer-Subscriptions: Create one or more printer subscriptions
IPP_OP_CREATE_RESOURCE	Create-Resource: Create a new (empty) resource.
IPP_OP_CREATE_RESOURCE_SUBSCRIPTIONS	Create-Resource-Subscriptions: Create event subscriptions for a resource.
IPP_OP_CREATE_SYSTEM_SUBSCRIPTIONS	Create-System-Subscriptions: Create event subscriptions for a system.
IPP_OP_CUPS_ADD_MODIFY_CLASS	CUPS-Add-Modify-Class: Add or modify a class
IPP_OP_CUPS_ADD_MODIFY_PRINTER	CUPS-Add-Modify-Printer: Add or modify a printer
IPP_OP_CUPS_AUTHENTICATE_JOB  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	CUPS-Authenticate-Job: Authenticate a job
IPP_OP_CUPS_CREATE_LOCAL_PRINTER  CUPS 2.2	CUPS-Create-Local-Printer: Create a local (temporary) printer
IPP_OP_CUPS_DELETE_CLASS	CUPS-Delete-Class: Delete a class
IPP_OP_CUPS_DELETE_PRINTER	CUPS-Delete-Printer: Delete a printer
IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_DEFAULT	CUPS-Get-Default: Get the default printer
IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_DEVICES  DEPRECATED	CUPS-Get-Devices: Get a list of supported devices
IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_DOCUMENT  CUPS 1.4/macOS 10.6	CUPS-Get-Document: Get a document file
IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_PPD  DEPRECATED	CUPS-Get-PPD: Get a PPD file
IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_PPDS  DEPRECATED	CUPS-Get-PPDs: Get a list of supported drivers
IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_PRINTERS	CUPS-Get-Printers: Get a list of printers and/or classes
IPP_OP_CUPS_INVALID	Invalid operation name for ippOpValue
IPP_OP_CUPS_MOVE_JOB	CUPS-Move-Job: Move a job to a different printer
IPP_OP_CUPS_SET_DEFAULT	CUPS-Set-Default: Set the default printer
IPP_OP_DEALLOCATE_PRINTER_RESOURCES	Deallocate-Printer-Resources: Stop using resources for a printer.
IPP_OP_DELETE_PRINTER	Delete-Printer: Delete an existing service.
IPP_OP_DISABLE_ALL_PRINTERS	Disable-All-Printers: Stop accepting new jobs on all services.
IPP_OP_DISABLE_PRINTER	Disable-Printer: Reject new jobs for a printer
IPP_OP_ENABLE_ALL_PRINTERS	Enable-All-Printers: Start accepting new jobs on all services.
IPP_OP_ENABLE_PRINTER	Enable-Printer: Accept new jobs for a printer
IPP_OP_GET_JOBS	Get-Jobs: Get a list of jobs
IPP_OP_GET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES	Get-Job-Attribute: Get information about a job
IPP_OP_GET_NOTIFICATIONS  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Get-Notifications: Get notification events
IPP_OP_GET_PRINTERS	Get-Printers: Get a list of services.
IPP_OP_GET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES	Get-Printer-Attributes: Get information about a printer
IPP_OP_GET_PRINTER_SUPPORTED_VALUES	Get-Printer-Supported-Values: Get supported values
IPP_OP_GET_SUBSCRIPTIONS  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Get-Subscriptions: Get list of subscriptions
IPP_OP_GET_SUBSCRIPTION_ATTRIBUTES  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Get-Subscription-Attributes: Get subscription information
IPP_OP_GET_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES	Get-System-Attributes: Get system object attributes.
IPP_OP_GET_SYSTEM_SUPPORTED_VALUES	Get-System-Supported-Values: Get supported values for system object attributes.
IPP_OP_HOLD_JOB	Hold-Job: Hold a job for printing
IPP_OP_HOLD_NEW_JOBS	Hold-New-Jobs: Hold new jobs
IPP_OP_IDENTIFY_PRINTER	Identify-Printer: Make the printer beep, flash, or display a message for identification
IPP_OP_INSTALL_RESOURCE	Install-Resource: Install a resource.
IPP_OP_PAUSE_ALL_PRINTERS	Pause-All-Printers: Stop all services immediately.
IPP_OP_PAUSE_ALL_PRINTERS_AFTER_CURRENT_JOB	Pause-All-Printers-After-Current-Job: Stop all services after processing the current jobs.
IPP_OP_PAUSE_PRINTER	Pause-Printer: Stop a printer
IPP_OP_PAUSE_PRINTER_AFTER_CURRENT_JOB	Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job: Stop printer after the current job
IPP_OP_PRINT_JOB	Print-Job: Print a single file
IPP_OP_PROMOTE_JOB	Promote-Job: Promote a job to print sooner
IPP_OP_REGISTER_OUTPUT_DEVICE	Register-Output-Device: Register a remote service.
IPP_OP_RELEASE_HELD_NEW_JOBS	Release-Held-New-Jobs: Release new jobs that were previously held
IPP_OP_RELEASE_JOB	Release-Job: Release a job for printing
IPP_OP_RENEW_SUBSCRIPTION  CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5	Renew-Subscription: Renew a printer subscription
IPP_OP_RESTART_JOB  DEPRECATED	Restart-Job: Reprint a job
IPP_OP_RESTART_SYSTEM	Restart-System: Restart all services.
IPP_OP_RESUME_ALL_PRINTERS	Resume-All-Printers: Start job processing on all services.
IPP_OP_RESUME_JOB	Resume-Job: Resume the current job
IPP_OP_RESUME_PRINTER	Resume-Printer: Start a printer
IPP_OP_SCHEDULE_JOB_AFTER	Schedule-Job-After: Schedule a job to print after another
IPP_OP_SEND_DOCUMENT	Send-Document: Add a file to a job
IPP_OP_SEND_RESOURCE_DATA	Send-Resource-Data: Upload the data for a resource.
IPP_OP_SET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES	Set-Job-Attributes: Set job values
IPP_OP_SET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES	Set-Printer-Attributes: Set printer values
IPP_OP_SET_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES	Set-Resource-Attributes: Set resource object attributes.
IPP_OP_SET_SYSTEM_ATTRIBUTES	Set-System-Attributes: Set system object attributes.
IPP_OP_SHUTDOWN_ALL_PRINTERS	Shutdown-All-Printers: Shutdown all services.
IPP_OP_SHUTDOWN_ONE_PRINTER	Shutdown-One-Printer: Shutdown a service.
IPP_OP_STARTUP_ALL_PRINTERS	Startup-All-Printers: Startup all services.
IPP_OP_STARTUP_ONE_PRINTER	Startup-One-Printer: Start a service.
IPP_OP_SUSPEND_CURRENT_JOB	Suspend-Current-Job: Suspend the current job
IPP_OP_VALIDATE_JOB	Validate-Job: Validate job values prior to submission

ipp_orient_e

Orientation values

Constants

IPP_ORIENT_LANDSCAPE	90 degrees counter-clockwise
IPP_ORIENT_NONE	No rotation
IPP_ORIENT_PORTRAIT	No rotation
IPP_ORIENT_REVERSE_LANDSCAPE	90 degrees clockwise
IPP_ORIENT_REVERSE_PORTRAIT	180 degrees

ipp_pstate_e

Printer state values

Constants

IPP_PSTATE_IDLE	Printer is idle
IPP_PSTATE_PROCESSING	Printer is working
IPP_PSTATE_STOPPED	Printer is stopped

ipp_quality_e

Print quality values

Constants

IPP_QUALITY_DRAFT	Draft quality
IPP_QUALITY_HIGH	High quality
IPP_QUALITY_NORMAL	Normal quality

ipp_res_e

Resolution units

Constants

IPP_RES_PER_CM	Pixels per centimeter
IPP_RES_PER_INCH	Pixels per inch

ipp_rstate_e

resource-state values

Constants

IPP_RSTATE_ABORTED	Resource has been aborted and is pending deletion.
IPP_RSTATE_AVAILABLE	Resource is available for installation.
IPP_RSTATE_CANCELED	Resource has been canceled and is pending deletion.
IPP_RSTATE_INSTALLED	Resource is installed.
IPP_RSTATE_PENDING	Resource is created but has no data yet.

ipp_sstate_e

system-state values

Constants

IPP_SSTATE_IDLE	At least one printer is idle and none are processing a job.
IPP_SSTATE_PROCESSING	At least one printer is processing a job.
IPP_SSTATE_STOPPED	All printers are stopped.

ipp_state_e

ipp_t state values

Constants

IPP_STATE_ATTRIBUTE	One or more attributes need to be sent/received
IPP_STATE_DATA	IPP request data needs to be sent/received
IPP_STATE_ERROR	An error occurred
IPP_STATE_HEADER	The request header needs to be sent/received
IPP_STATE_IDLE	Nothing is happening/request completed

ipp_status_e

IPP status code values

Constants

IPP_STATUS_CUPS_INVALID	Invalid status name for ippErrorValue
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_ACCOUNT_AUTHORIZATION_FAILED	client-error-account-authorization-failed
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_ACCOUNT_CLOSED	client-error-account-closed
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_ACCOUNT_INFO_NEEDED	client-error-account-info-needed
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_ACCOUNT_LIMIT_REACHED	client-error-account-limit-reached
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_ATTRIBUTES_NOT_SETTABLE	client-error-attributes-not-settable
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_ATTRIBUTES_OR_VALUES	client-error-attributes-or-values-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_BAD_REQUEST	client-error-bad-request
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_BUSY	server-error-busy
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CHARSET	client-error-charset-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_COMPRESSION_ERROR	client-error-compression-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_COMPRESSION_NOT_SUPPORTED	client-error-compression-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CONFLICTING	client-error-conflicting-attributes
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_ACCOUNT_AUTHORIZATION_FAILED  DEPRECATED	cups-error-account-authorization-failed
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_ACCOUNT_CLOSED	cups-error-account-closed @deprecate@
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_ACCOUNT_INFO_NEEDED  DEPRECATED	cups-error-account-info-needed
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_ACCOUNT_LIMIT_REACHED  DEPRECATED	cups-error-account-limit-reached
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_AUTHENTICATION_CANCELED  CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7	cups-authentication-canceled - Authentication canceled by user
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_PKI  CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7	cups-pki-error - Error negotiating a secure connection
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_CUPS_UPGRADE_REQUIRED  CUPS 1.5/macOS 10.7	cups-upgrade-required - TLS upgrade required
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DEVICE	server-error-device-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_ACCESS	client-error-document-access-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_FORMAT_ERROR	client-error-document-format-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED	client-error-document-format-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_PASSWORD	client-error-document-password-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_PERMISSION	client-error-document-permission-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_SECURITY	client-error-document-security-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_DOCUMENT_UNPRINTABLE	client-error-document-unprintable-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_FORBIDDEN	client-error-forbidden
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_GONE	client-error-gone
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_IGNORED_ALL_SUBSCRIPTIONS	client-error-ignored-all-subscriptions
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_INTERNAL	server-error-internal-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_JOB_CANCELED	server-error-job-canceled
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_MULTIPLE_JOBS_NOT_SUPPORTED	server-error-multiple-document-jobs-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_ACCEPTING_JOBS	server-error-not-accepting-jobs
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_AUTHENTICATED	client-error-not-authenticated
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_AUTHORIZED	client-error-not-authorized
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FETCHABLE	client-error-not-fetchable
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_FOUND	client-error-not-found
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_NOT_POSSIBLE	client-error-not-possible
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED	server-error-operation-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_PRINTER_IS_DEACTIVATED	server-error-printer-is-deactivated
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_REQUEST_ENTITY	client-error-request-entity-too-large
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_REQUEST_VALUE	client-error-request-value-too-long
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE	server-error-service-unavailable
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_TEMPORARY	server-error-temporary-error
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_TIMEOUT	client-error-timeout
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_TOO_MANY_DOCUMENTS	server-error-too-many-documents
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_TOO_MANY_JOBS	server-error-too-many-jobs
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_TOO_MANY_SUBSCRIPTIONS	client-error-too-many-subscriptions
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_URI_SCHEME	client-error-uri-scheme-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_ERROR_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED	server-error-version-not-supported
IPP_STATUS_OK	successful-ok
IPP_STATUS_OK_CONFLICTING	successful-ok-conflicting-attributes
IPP_STATUS_OK_EVENTS_COMPLETE	successful-ok-events-complete
IPP_STATUS_OK_IGNORED_OR_SUBSTITUTED	successful-ok-ignored-or-substituted-attributes
IPP_STATUS_OK_IGNORED_SUBSCRIPTIONS	successful-ok-ignored-subscriptions
IPP_STATUS_OK_TOO_MANY_EVENTS	successful-ok-too-many-events

ipp_tag_e

Value and group tag values for attributes

Constants

IPP_TAG_ADMINDEFINE	Admin-defined value
IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN	Boolean value
IPP_TAG_CHARSET	Character set value
IPP_TAG_CUPS_INVALID	Invalid tag name for ippTagValue
IPP_TAG_DATE	Date/time value
IPP_TAG_DEFAULT	Default value
IPP_TAG_DELETEATTR	Delete-attribute value
IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT	Document group
IPP_TAG_END	End-of-attributes
IPP_TAG_ENUM	Enumeration value
IPP_TAG_EVENT_NOTIFICATION	Event group
IPP_TAG_INTEGER	Integer value
IPP_TAG_JOB	Job group
IPP_TAG_KEYWORD	Keyword value
IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE	Language value
IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE	MIME media type value
IPP_TAG_NAME	Name value
IPP_TAG_NAMELANG	Name-with-language value
IPP_TAG_NOTSETTABLE	Not-settable value
IPP_TAG_NOVALUE	No-value value
IPP_TAG_OPERATION	Operation group
IPP_TAG_PRINTER	Printer group
IPP_TAG_RANGE	Range value
IPP_TAG_RESOLUTION	Resolution value
IPP_TAG_RESOURCE	Resource group
IPP_TAG_STRING	Octet string value
IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION	Subscription group
IPP_TAG_SYSTEM	System group
IPP_TAG_TEXT	Text value
IPP_TAG_TEXTLANG	Text-with-language value
IPP_TAG_UNKNOWN	Unknown value
IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_GROUP	Unsupported attributes group
IPP_TAG_UNSUPPORTED_VALUE	Unsupported value
IPP_TAG_URI	URI value
IPP_TAG_URISCHEME	URI scheme value
IPP_TAG_ZERO	Zero tag - used for separators